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. 2022 Dec 23;136(1-2):1–12. doi: 10.1007/s00508-022-02128-6

Table 2.

Summary statistics on the main characteristics of the 22 PECUNIA Reference Unit Cost (RUC) estimates for Austria in the health and social care, education, (criminal) justice, employment, and informal care

Reference Unit Cost (RUC) characteristics (N = 22) n (%)
Unit cost type
PECUNIA RUC 16 (73)
Existing unit cost estimate 6 (27)
Data type
Primary data 2 (9)
Secondary data 16 (73)
Combined data
Unknown/undisclosed 4 (18)
Original year(s) of RUC
2015 or older 3 (14)
2016 2 (9)
2017 3 (14)
2018 5 (23)
2019 4 (18)
2020 4 (18)
Multiple years 1 (5)
External validation processa
Comparison to existing unit cost estimate 8 (36)
Expert feedback 10 (45)
Data provider feedback 7 (32)
No external evaluation 8 (36)
Direct match with PECUNIA Ressource Use Measurement (RUM) items
Matching 18 (82)
Not matching 4 (18)

aNote that some RUCs have been externally validated using more than one approach