TABLE 7.

Overview of interventions combining different categories of interventions and their aspects

Author/year	Name	Type of intervention	Duration	Intensity	Intensity of usage	HCP contact	(A)synchronous	Type of study	#participants [started (finished)]	Relation to treatment	Primary/secondary outcome	Questionnaire	Study results
		Range of patient preference sensitive items	8 weeks—6 months	Daily use–usage at own pace–once/twice per week		5/8 with HCP contact	About evenly divided between both options			2× during–5× after–2× both			All significant improvement
(Bruggeman‐Everts et al., 2015, 2017; Wolvers, 2017; Wolvers et al., 2015)	More fit after cancer [fitter na Kanker] – eMBCT	MBCT	9 weeks	30 min/day, 6 days/week, at most 4 h/week	38% were non‐adherent (adherence defined as following >70% of intervention)	Weekly feedback from therapist	Asynchronous	Pilot study	257 (159)	After treatment, min. 6 months	Primary	CIS	t(18) −13.27 (p < 0.001), ES = 1.45 (*)
								Three‐armed RCT	167 (139)	After treatment, min. 3 months			Chi^2(2) = 10.89 (p = 0.004), ES = 0.94 (*)
(Nápoles et al., 2019)	New Dawn [Nuevo Amanecer]	SCP programme with activity tracker, phone calls based on social cognitive theory	2 months	Daily step goal, within 2 months, 5 times a weekly phone call	Calls lasted 15 ± 3.4 min, 19/23 completed all calls, app is synchronised 4.4–5.7 times per week and checked 4.2–5.9 times per week	5 weekly phone calls by health coach	Synchronous	Single‐arm feasibility/mixed methods	23 (21)	After treatment, max. 1 year	Primary	PROMIS – Cancer – Fatigue scale with adjustments	ES = 0.4, B = −0.26 (p = 0.02) (*)
(Holtdirk et al., 2021, 2020)	Optimune	CBT extended with mindfulness‐based techniques and dietary and physical activity advice	3 months	30–45 min/module, 16 modules	Intervention was used for 25.7 ± 33.9 days	No	—	RCT	363 (306)	After treatment, min. 1 month, max 5 years	Secondary	BFI	ES = 0.23 CI = 0.02 to 0.44 (*)
(Smith et al., 2019)	Reimagine	Coping skills training, mind–body therapy, and CBT	18 weeks	At own pace, access any time	—	Online introductory meeting is guided	Synchronous	RCT	122 (86)	Both during and after treatment	—	FACIT‐F	ES = 0.46, t‐test = 2.2 (p = 0.034) (*)
(Grossert et al., 2016; Urech et al., 2018)	STREAM	CBT and MBSR	8 weeks	Daily use of exercises, one module per week	Median duration: 11.7 (IQR 9.1–18.6) weeks. 80% used at least 6/8 modules, 75% worked with all modules	Weekly feedback given via email	Asynchronous	RCT	129 (117)	During treatment	Primary	FACIT‐F	4.51 95% CI [1.81, 7.22] (p = 0.002) (*)
(Spahrkäs et al., 2020a, 2020b)	Untire	CBT and psychoeducation, MBSR, exercise instructions and positive psychology	12 weeks	At own pace, daily use is recommended, preferably at least once a week	Three equal groups, high users (33%): ≥ 9 days in total, medium users (33%): ≥ 3 days total, low users (33%): ≥ 1 day total	No	—	RCT	799 (335)	Both during and after treatment	Primary	FSI	Fatigue severity: F(3,1912) = −4.55 (p < 0.01), ES = 0.40. Fatigue interference: F(3,1912) = −4.10 (p < 0.01), ES = 0.35 (*)
(Zhou et al., 2020)	WeChat	Rehabilitation on physical, psychological, and social aspects, using the HBM framework	6 months	Daily rehabilitation information is provided	—	A group of a doctor, nurse, researchers, and postgraduate trainee provided daily information	Asynchronous	RCT	111 (103)	During treatment	Secondary	NRS	No group effect, there is a time effect: F = 3.52 (p = 0.02) (*)
(Lee et al., 2014)	WSEDI	Exercise and diet intervention, based on the TTM theory	12 weeks	Use regularly, at least twice per week	89% of the participants consistently participated in the programme	No	—	Pilot RCT	59 (57)	After treatment, max. 12 months	Secondary	BFI	p = 0.032 (*)

Abbreviations: BFI, Brief Fatgue Inventory; CI, confidence interval; CBT, cognitive behavioural therapy; CIS, Checklist for Individual Strength; FACIT‐F, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Fatigue; FSI: Fatigue Symptom Inventory; HBM, health belief model; HCP contact, contact with healthcare professional; MBCT, Mindfulness‐based Cognitive Therapy MBSR, Mindfulness‐based Stress Reduction; NRS, Numeric Rating Scale; PROMIS, Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; RCT, randomised controlled trial; SCP, survivorship care plan; TTM, transtheoretical model.

^*Significant improvement.