TABLE 4.
Work ability (WAS) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean change (95% CI) | Mean change adjusted estimate (95% CI) | F value (DF) | p | Group comparisons | |||
Mean difference adjusted estimate (95%CI) | p | ||||||
Sleep quality | |||||||
Worse | −0.18 (−0.43 to 0.07) | −0.20 (−0.51 to 0.10) | 3.8 (2) | 0.022 | Worse vs. no change | −0.25 (−0.54 to 0.04) | 0.11 |
No change | 0.18 (0.07 to 0.29) | 0.05 (−0.18 to 0.28) | Worse vs. improved | −0.41 (−0.76 to −0.06) | 0.016 | ||
Improved | 0.47 (0.28 to 0.67) | 0.21 (−0.06 to 0.47) | No change vs. improved | −0.16 (−0.41 to 0.09) | 0.28 | ||
Sleep duration | |||||||
Decreased | 0.11 (−0.03 to 0.25) | 0.01 (−0.23 to 0.26) | 1.7 (2) | 0.19 | Decrease vs. no change | −0.01 (−0.25 to 0.22) | 0.99 |
No change | 0.21 (0.04 to 0.38) | 0.03 (−0.21 to 0.27) | Decrease vs. increase | −0.17 (−0.42 to 0.07) | 0.24 | ||
Increased | 0.27 (0.12 to 0.42) | 0.19 (−0.06 to 0.43) | No change vs. increase | −0.16 (−0.40 to 0.08) | 0.26 | ||
Sleep medication use | |||||||
Increased | −0.03 (−0.48 to 0.43) | −0.44 (−0.83 to −0.052) | 4.8 (2) | 0.0082 | Increase vs. no change | −0.54 (−0.94 to −0.13) | 0.0055 |
No change | 0.20 (0.11 to 0.29) | 0.10 (−0.12 to 0.31) | Increase vs. decrease | −0.48 (−1.01 to 0.05) | 0.084 | ||
Decreased | 0.32 (−0.09 to 0.73) | 0.04 (−0.34 to 0.42) | No change vs. decrease | 0.06 (−0.32 to 0.43) | 0.94 |
CI, confidence interval; DF, degrees of freedom; WAS, Work Ability Score.
Note: Mean changes (non‐adjusted and adjusted) with 95% CIs in WAS years 2014–2015 according to changes in sleep parameters. Adjusted mean values, F values, DF and p values are from three different models for multiway analysis of covariance to explain factors affecting the change in work ability. Change in sleep quality, sleep duration and sleep medication use were all entered in different models with WAS change. All models were adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, educational level, disease burden, and WAS level at baseline. Group comparisons between different classes of sleep parameters are also presented. Mean differences in WAS between groups are presented with 95% CIs. The p values and 95% CIs for group comparisons are adjusted with Tukey's method.