Table 1.
Retinal ischemic diseases | Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) Ocular ischemic syndrome Central retinal artery occlusion Chronic retinal detachment Eale, Coats diseases Leber’s congenital amaurosis Retinopathy of prematurity Sickle cell retinopathy Retinoschisis Angiomatosis retinae (Von Hippel’s disease) Hemorrhagic retina disease Family exudation vitreoretinopathy Proliferative vitreoretinopathy |
[4,19,20,21,22] |
Extraocular vascular/Systemic diseases | Carotid-cavernous disease Giant cell arteritis Takayasu‘s disease Internal carotid artery occlusion Youthful myelomonocytic leukemia Systemic lupus erythematosus Youthful xantogranuloma Type 1 cryoglobulinemia Type 1 neurofibromatosis |
[20,21,22] |
Ocular inflammation | Endophthalmitis Chronic uveitis Purtscher’s retinopathy Sympathetic ophthalmia Retinal vasculitis Injuries |
[4,20,21,22] |
Ocular tumors | Uveal melanoma Retinoblastoma Ciliary body medulloepithelioma Large cell lymphoma Squamous cell carcinoma Ocular metastasis Vasoproliferative retinal tumors |
[20,21,22] |
Surgical involvement | Cataract extraction Pars plana vitrectomy YAG capsulotomy Carotid endarterectomy Radiation therapy |
[21,22] |