TABLE 7.

Summary of the cloned buffalo offspring

Buffalo type	Cloning method	Donor cell	Blastocyst rate (%)	No. of recipient	Pregnancy rate (%)	Calving rate (%)	Reference
Swamp	SCNT	Fetal fibroblast	21.3	16	3 (18.8)	2 (12.5) one calf died	Shi et al., 2007
		Granulosa cell	22.2	5	1 (20.0)	1 (20.0) died after 14 days
River	HMC	Fetal fibroblast	24.0	5	1 (20.0)	1 (20.0) died after 5 days	Shah et al., 2009
		Newborn fibroblast	33.0	8	2 (25.0)	1 (12.5)
River	HMC	Embryonic stem cell	27.3	6	2 (33.3)	1 (16.7)	George et al., 2011
Swamp	SCNT	Fetal fibroblast	18.6	16	3 (18.8)	2 (12.5)	Lu et al., 2011
River	HMC	Fetal fibroblast	30.7	4	1 (25.0)	1 (25.0) died after 4 h	Panda et al., 2011
River	HMC	Newborn fibroblast	41.7	9	1(11.1)	1 (11.1) died shortly after birth	Saha et al., 2013
		Fetal fibroblast	39.1	4	1 (25.0)	1 (25.0)
River	HMC	Fresh semen derived epithelial cell	48.8	12	1 (8.3)	1 (8.3)	Selokar et al., 2014
		Frozen semen derived epithelial cell	51.4	10	2 (20.0)	1 (10.0) died after 12 h
Swamp	SCNT	Skin fibroblast	25.0	12	10 (83.3)	1 (8.3)	Tasripoo et al., 2014
River	HMC	Skin fibroblast	28.8	3	1 (33.3)	1 (33.3)	Jyotsana et al., 2015
River	HMC	Urine‐derived epithelial cell	50.4	5	1 (20.0)	1 (20.0)	Madheshiya et al., 2015
River	HMC	Skin fibroblast	50.0	4	1 (25.0)	1 (25.0) died after 21 days	Saini et al., 2016
Swamp	HMC	Fetal fibroblast	27.9	7	2 (28.6)	2 (28.6)	Liu et al., 2018
River	HMC	Frozen thawed semen derived epithelial cell	One demicytoplast 12.7	8	1 (12.5)	1 (12.5) died after 12 days	Raja et al., 2019
			Two demicytoplast 47.6	8	1(12.5)	1 (12.5)
River	HMC	Skin fibroblast	40.4	8	2 (25.0)	1 (12.5)	Selokar et al., 2019
River	HMC	Skin fibroblast	42.6	13	4 (30.8)	2 (15.4)	Shyam et al., 2020

Abbreviations: HMC, handmade cloning; SCNT, conventional somatic cell nuclear transfer.