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. 2022 Dec 2;14(12):2699. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122699

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Summary of EV-based platforms for tissue-specific mRNA expression. (A) miRNA-dependent mRNA expression. (B) Ultrasound assisted delivery. (C) Targeting peptide-based fusion protein. (D) Lactadherin–phosphatidylserine interaction. (E) Enzymatic covalent conjugation. IRES, internal ribosome entry site; RVG, rabies viral glycoprotein; ATS, adipocyte-targeting sequence; scFv, single chain variable fragment; LLS, lactadherin leader sequence; Ce6, sonosensitizer chlorin e6; ROS, reactive oxygen species; PS, phosphatidylserine; TK, thioketal.