Table 1.

CVDs and corresponding mitochondrial dysfunction.

CVDs	Mitochondrial Dysfunction	References
Heart failure	Impaired mitophagy ↓OXPHOS ↑ROS	[10] review, 2019 [12] experimental, 2010 [13] experimental, 2011 [14] review, 2022 [15] experimental, 2018 [16] experimental, 2020 [17] experimental, 2011 [18] experimental, 2015
Myocardial hypertrophy	mtDNA mutation Impaired mitophagy ↑ROS	[10] review, 2019 [17] experimental, 2011 [19] experimental, 2022 [20] experimental, 2019 [21] experimental, 2021 [22] experimental, 2021 [23] experimental, 2015
Atherosclerosis	mtDNA mutation Impaired mitophagy ↓OXPHOS ↑ROS	[24] clinical, 2019 [25] experimental, 2017 [26] experimental, 2018 [27] experimental, 2017 [28] experimental, 2019 [29] experimental, 2021 [30] experimental, 2014
Aortic dissection	↑ROS	[31] experimental, 2016 [32] experimental, 2020 [33] experimental, 2022 [34] experimental, 2021
Aortic aneurysm	↑ROS ↓OXPHOS	[32] experimental, 2020 [35] experimental, 2020 [36] experimental, 2018 [37] experimental, 2022 [38] experimental, 2006 [39] experimental, 2015 [40] experimental, 2013 [41] clinical, 2020 [42] clinical, 2021

“↑” indicate a rise and “↓” indicate a decrease.