Table 1.
Serum and urine biomarkers included in the present study
| Biomarkers | Manufacturer | Biological process |
|---|---|---|
| Serum/urine C1, 2C | IBEX | Types I and II collagen degradation |
| Serum/urine C2C | IBEX | Type II collagen degradation |
| Serum/urine Coll2-1 NO2 | Artialis | Type II collagen degradation |
| Serum COMP | BioVendor | Cartilage degeneration |
| Serum CPII | IBEX | Type II collagen synthesis |
| Urine CTX-II | BioVendor | Type II collagen degradation |
| Serum CS846 | IBEX | Cartilage aggrecan synthesis/turnover |
| Serum PIIANP | Merck Group/Millipore | Type II collagen synthesis |
| Serum CTX-I | IDS | Bone resorption |
| Urine CTX-Iα | IDS | Turnover of newly formed bone |
| Urine CTX-1β | IDS | Bone resorption |
| Serum/urine NTX-I | ALERE-Osteomark | Bone resorption |
| Serum HA | Corgenix | Osteophyte burden, synovitis |
| Serum MMP3 | Invitrogen | Total (active and inactive) metalloprotease involved with joint tissue degradation |
ALERE-Osteomark: Princeton, New Jersey, USA; Artialis: Liège, Belgium; BioVendor: Brno, Czech Republic; Corgenix: Broomfield, Colorado, USA; IBEX Pharmaceuticals: Montréal, Québec, Canada; IDS: Baldon, UK; Invitrogen: Camarillo, California, USA; Merck Group/Millipore: St. Charles, Missouri, USA; Thermo Fisher Scientific: Waltham, MA, USA. C1, 2C: collagenase-cleaved type II collagen as well as type I collagen neoepitope; C2C: collagenase-cleaved type II collagen neoepitope; Coll2-1 NO2: nitrated form of an epitope located in the triple helix of type II collagen; COMP: cartilage oligomeric matrix protein; CPII: C-propeptide of type II procollagen; CS846: chondroitin sulphate 846; CTX-I: C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen; CTX-II: C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type II collagen; HA: hyaluronic acid; NTX-I: N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen; MMP3: matrix metalloproteinase 3; PIIANP: type IIA procollagen amino terminal propeptide.