TABLE III.

Univariate Analysis (Surrogate Markers of Professional Dissatisfaction)^*

Participant's Experience During Pregnancy	“Given an opportunity, you would consider choosing a nonsurgical career more accommodating of motherhood” (revisit career choice)†		“I do not feel that I had the resources/support available to have a child during residency” (lack of resources/support)‡		“I considered quitting due to difficulties associated with having children as a resident” (considered quitting)§
	OR (95% CI)	p Value	OR (95% CI)	p Value	OR (95% CI)	p Value
Maternity leave ≤6 wk	0.2 (0.1-0.7)	0.02#	39.9 (2.1-72.9)	0.01#	0.7 (0.21-2.4)	0.57
First woman in program to have children	0.7 (0.2-2.7)	0.8	1.5 (0.4-6.1)	0.56	0.87 (0.24-3.2)	0.84
Additional call before delivery	0.4 (0.1-1.5)	0.3	1.05 (0.3-3.8)	0.94	1.04 (0.34-3.12)	0.94
Unpaid leave during pregnancy	2.7 (0.6-12.2)	0.3	0.71 (0.08-6.7)	0.76	0.56 (0.06-5.2)	0.62
Official maternity leave policies	0.6 (0.3-2.3)	0.6	1.38 (0.36-5.3)	0.63	0.13 (0.03-0.54)	0.0044#
Female faculty for guidance/mentorship	1.4 (0.5-2.1)	0.5	0.21 (0.04-1.12)	0.06	2.48 (0.71-8.7)	0.15
Access to lactation facilities	1.4 (0.2-9.7)	0.7	0.48 (0.12-2.0)	0.32	0.19 (0.055-0.66)	0.009#
Other residents with children	0.7 (0.2-2.4)	0.6	2.8 (0.75-11.05)	0.12	1.48 (0.49-4.48)	0.48

^*CI = confidence interval, and OR = odds ratio.

^†Of all participants, 23% responded yes.

^‡Of all participants, 17% responded yes.

^§Of all participants, 24% responded yes.

^#Statistically significant.