Table 3.

Effect size (with 95%CI) of testosterone replacement therapy as add on to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5ì) in placebo controlled or uncontrolled trials (RCT; see also Table 1)

	Outcomes
Overall population     Non placebo controlled RCT (n = 7)     Placebo controlled RCT (n = 5)	SMD 2.96[1.28;4.64]; p < 0.0001 0.49[-0.16;1.15]; p = 0.140
Overall population     PDE5i non responders (n = 8)     General population (n = 4)	SMD 2.77[1.35;4.20]; p < 0.0001* 0.63[0.04;1.22]; p = 0.04
Only EFD score     Non placebo controlled RCT (n = 3)     Placebo controlled RCT (n = 4)	Mean difference in EFD 8.94[-3.27;21.15]; p = 0.151 2.88[-1.89;7.64];p = 0.237

Data are expressed in the overall population or when only those trials enrolling PDE5i non responders or International Index of erectile function –erectile function domain score (IIEF-EFD) was used as outcomes

*Q = 7.45; p = 0.01 vs general population. Results are derived from data included in ref [85]