Table 4.

Summary of Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool quality assessment—risk of bias of the included mixed methods study.

Mixed methods study, year	Adequate rationale for using a mixed methods design	Integration of different components of the study	Adequate interpretation of outputs of the integration	Inconsistencies between qualitative and quantitative data	Different components adhered to the quality criteria of the methods involved	Risk of bias scorea
Kim et al [85], 2020	—b	★c	★	0d	★	Moderate to high

^aOverall risk of bias scores were assessed by 2 independent reviewers and classified into low risk and moderate to high risk. Low risk of bias: ≥4 stars; moderate to high risk of bias: ≤3 stars.

^bInsufficient information given to decide.

^cMet the criterion.

^dFailed to meet the criterion.