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. 2022 Dec 25:1–27. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s10961-022-09988-0

Table 3.

Descriptive statistics of the variables used in the study (n = 241)

Mean Std Scale
Entrepreneurial networks
1. Accountants 1.51 0.97 1–5
2. Banking institutions 1.49 0.90 1–5
3. Chamber of commerce 1.12 0.53 1–5
4. Consultants 1.85 1.21 1–5
5. Lawyers 1.41 0.84 1–5
6. Regional business partner 1.59 1.19 1–5
7. Patent advisers 1.22 0.72 1–5
8. Venture capital firms 1.18 0.70 1–5
9. Incubator network 1.50 1.08 1–5
Geographical proximity
10. Proximity to university 1.65 1.24 1–5
11. Proximity to customers 2.74 1.54 1–5
12. Proximity to competitors in the same field 1.48 0.94 1–5
13. Local/regional advantages 1.80 1.22 1–5
14. Attractive/expansive industrial area 2.28 1.42 1–5
15. Proximity to large, well-known firms 2.14 1.46 1–5
16. Proximity to similar firms 1.78 1.14 1–5
Control variables
17. Product or service 4.01 1.30 1–5
18. Product/service differentiation 3.00 1.25 1–5
19. Pricing 2.81 0.91 1–5
20. Product/service quality 3.91 .080 1–5