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Nrf2 expression was associated with apoptosis of 5-FU-resistant HCC cells targeting the HIF-1α/HSP70 pathway. The levels of HSP70 and apoptosis markers (Bcl-2, BAX, and cleaved caspase-3) were measured using Western blotting in SNU-387/5-FU and Hep3B/5-FU cells. The protein levels of the genes of interest were normalized to that of β-actin and expressed as a fold-change relative to the control group.
