FIGURE 1.

PDCoV isolation in PK‐15 cells and geographical map indicating locations where the outbreak was reported. Following PDCoV detection, intestinal content was filtered, and TPCK‐trypsin treated for isolation in cell lines known to be permissible for PDCoV replication. Following 5 days of inoculation, no cytopathic effect (cpe) was evidenced under light microscopy in both cell lines. A second passage evidenced cpe after 24 h, with initial cell rounding and monolayer disruption in PK‐15 cells but absent in Vero cells. Following 48 h of second passage, cpe was evidenced in almost 70% of cell monolayer, characterized by cell rounding, cell detaching, pyknosis in PK‐15 cell lines but no cytopathic effect was detected in Vero cell lines (a). Moreover, an immunofluorescence test with a PDCoV nucleoprotein monoclonal antibody confirmed viral replication in PK‐15 infected cells (b). A representative map of South America (blue) highlighting Peru (orange) is shown in the upper right side. Additionally, a geographical map of San Martin department (yellow) located in the north of Peru (light green) is represented below (c)