TABLE 2.
Prespecified maternal and neonatal outcome characteristics comparing umbilical cord clamping ≤3 min vs >3 min
| Time to umbilical cord clamping | Mean difference (95% confidence interval) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤3 min | >3 min | ||||
| Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | ||
| Maternal outcome | |||||
| Time to placental delivery (min) | 9.7 ± 11.9 | 62 | 12.9 ± 10.9 | 834 | 3.3 (0.4‐6.1) |
| Total estimated postpartum blood loss (mL) | 477 ± 326 | 63 | 399 ± 292 | 841 | −78 (−153‐−2) |
| Neonatal outcome | |||||
| Gestational age (weeks) | 40.1 ± 1.4 | 62 | 40.1 ± 1.2 | 840 | 0.0 (−0.3‐0.3) |
| Apgar score at 1 min | 8.0 ± 2.0 | 63 | 9.0 ± 0.5 | 841 | 1.0 (0.5‐1.5) |
| Apgar score at 5 min | 9.4 ± 1.2 | 63 | 10.0 ± 0.3 | 841 | 0.6 (0.1‐0.9) |
| Apgar score at 10 min | 9.7 ± 0.7 | 63 | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 841 | 0.3 (0.1‐0.5) |
| Umbilical artery pH | 7.23 ± 0.10 | 53 | 7.25 ± 0.08 | 695 | 0.02 (0.00‐0.04) |
| N (percent) | Total | N (percent) | Total | Odds ratio a (95% confidence interval) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phototherapy | 0 (0) | 63 | 6 (0.7) | 841 | NA† |
| Apgar score <7 at 5 min | 2 (3.2) | 63 | 0 (0) | 841 | NA‡ |
| Admission to neonatal ward | 7 (11.1) | 63 | 19 (2.3) | 841 | 0.2 (0.1‐0.5) |
| Respiratory distress | 4 (6.3) | 63 | 7 (0.8) | 841 | 0.1 (0.0‐0.4) |
| Infection | 1 (1.6) | 63 | 7 (0.8) | 841 | NA§ |
| Hypoglycemia | 2 (3.2) | 63 | 3 (0.4) | 841 | 0.1 (0.0‐0.7) |
| At high risk of hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy | 14 (22.6) | 62 | 132 (16.4) | 805 | NA|| |
Note: † P > .99; ‡ P = .005; § P = .44; || P = .22.
Abbreviation: NA, Not applicable.
a
Group comparisons by Fisher exact test when odds ratio is NA.