Table 3.
Uni‐ and multivariable logistic regression analysis on the association between patient, tumour and hospital characteristics and receiving no treatment, in patients diagnosed with non‐metastatic muscle‐invasive bladder cancer between 1 November 2017 and 31 October 2019, included in the BlaZIB study.
| Univariable model | Multivariable model 2 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | <75 years | 75 years and older | Overall | <75 years | 75 years and older | |||||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Patient characteristics | ||||||||||||
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Male | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ||||||
| Female | 1.17 | 0.93–1.48 | 1.25 | 0.75–2.08 | 1.15 | 0.87–1.53 | ||||||
| Age at diagnosis (per year increase) | 1.14 | 1.12–1.16 | 1.04 | 1.00–1.08 | 1.19 | 1.16–1.23 | 1.09 | 1.07–1.12 | 1.01 | 0.97–1.06 | 1.15 | 1.11–1.19 |
| BMI (per kg/m 2 increase) | 0.95 | 0.92–0.98 | 0.97 | 0.91–1.02 | 0.96 | 0.92–0.99 | 0.97 | 0.93–1.00 | 0.98 | 0.92–1.03 | 0.97 | 0.93–1.02 |
| Weighted CCI score | ||||||||||||
| 0 | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| 1 | 1.94 | 1.44–2.62 | 2.05 | 1.10–3.82 | 1.48 | 1.03–2.13 | 1.25 | 0.86–1.82 | 1.48 | 0.71–3.09 | 1.22 | 0.77–1.93 |
| 2 | 2.56 | 1.84–3.56 | 2.63 | 1.27–5.45 | 1.66 | 1.12–2.47 | 1.29 | 0.84–1.97 | 1.54 | 0.65–3.66 | 1.24 | 0.74–2.07 |
| ≥3 | 3.58 | 2.57–4.97 | 3.49 | 1.62–7.51 | 2.11 | 1.43–3.10 | 1.19 | 0.76–1.86 | 1.05 | 0.39–2.83 | 1.26 | 0.75–2.13 |
| ECOG performance status | ||||||||||||
| 0 | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| 1 | 2.35 | 1.48–3.73 | 1.56 | 0.69–3.51 | 1.83 | 1.05–3.20 | 1.47 | 0.90–2.40 | 1.29 | 0.55–3.01 | 1.44 | 0.79–2.62 |
| ≥2 | 14.84 | 9.37–23.49 | 15.67 | 7.41–33.13 | 8.07 | 4.70–13.86 | 6.32 | 3.63–11.01 | 12.16 | 5.10–28.95 | 4.90 | 2.53–9.47 |
| Renal function (eGFR, mL/min/1.73m 2 ) | 0.97 | 0.96–0.97 | 0.97 | 0.96–0.99 | 0.97 | 0.97–0.98 | 0.99 | 0.98–0.99 | 0.99 | 0.97–1.00 | 0.99 | 0.98–1.00 |
| SES | ||||||||||||
| Low | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Middle | 0.71 | 0.54–0.92 | 0.49 | 0.27–0.89 | 0.86 | 0.63–1.18 | 1.13 | 0.79–1.61 | 0.62 | 0.31–1.26 | 1.44 | 0.96–2.16 |
| High | 0.67 | 0.50–0.89 | 0.45 | 0.24–0.86 | 0.96 | 0.67–1.37 | 1.11 | 0.75–1.64 | 0.76 | 0.36–1.60 | 1.30 | 0.82–2.06 |
| Previous surgery | ||||||||||||
| No | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ||||||
| Yes | 1.06 | 0.83–1.36 | 0.88 | 0.49–1.58 | 0.95 | 0.71–1.27 | ||||||
| Previous radiation | ||||||||||||
| No | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Yes | 1.92 | 1.19–3.08 | 1.05 | 0.25–4.54 | 1.57 | 0.91–2.71 | 2.17 | 1.20–3.90 | 0.92 | 0.18–4.65 | 2.77 | 1.42–5.41 |
| Tumour characteristics | ||||||||||||
| cT stage (TNM) | ||||||||||||
| cT2 | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| cT3 | 0.80 | 0.61–1.04 | 0.97 | 0.54–1.72 | 0.89 | 0.64–1.24 | 0.90 | 0.64–1.28 | 0.92 | 0.48–1.77 | 0.85 | 0.56–1.30 |
| cT4a | 1.45 | 0.97–2.18 | 3.05 | 1.53–6.08 | 1.26 | 0.73–2.17 | 2.49 | 1.46–4.23 | 3.23 | 1.36–7.66 | 2.23 | 1.12–4.42 |
| Focality of the tumour | ||||||||||||
| Unifocal | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ||||||
| Multifocal | 1.14 | 0.88–1.46 | 1.48 | 0.87–2.50 | 1.03 | 0.76–1.39 | ||||||
| Hospital characteristics | ||||||||||||
| Type of hospital (diagnosis) | ||||||||||||
| Community hospital | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Non‐university referral hospital | 0.91 | 0.73–1.13 | 0.80 | 0.49–1.30 | 0.93 | 0.72–1.21 | 0.98 | 0.73–1.30 | 0.73 | 0.41–1.30 | 1.04 | 0.74–1.46 |
| University hospital | 0.22 | 0.09–0.55 | 0.71 | 0.21–2.38 | 0.11 | 0.03–0.47 | 0.28 | 0.10–0.76 | 0.53 | 0.13–2.09 | 0.15 | 0.03–0.71 |
| Discussed in MDTM | ||||||||||||
| Yes, discussed in MDTM | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| No MDTM documented | 8.85 | 6.24–12.54 | 4.83 | 2.35–9.95 | 10.74 | 6.52–17.69 | 5.40 | 3.20–9.10 | 3.56 | 1.28–9.86 | 6.80 | 3.63–12.75 |
BMI, body mass index; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MDTM, multidisciplinary team meeting; OR, odds ratio (for remaining untreated); SES, socioeconomic status.
The multivariable model includes age, BMI, weighted CCI, performance status, renal function, SES, tumour stage and previous radiation in abdomen/pelvic area, type of hospital of diagnosis and whether the patient was discussed in an MDTM.