Skip to main content
. 2022 Dec 26;10(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s40536-022-00143-7

Table 7.

Inequalities in student engagement scale

DNKa ETHa KENa RUS SVN ARE UZB
Socioeconomic status: baseline = “Low”
 Medium − 0.21 (0.14) 0.64* (0.08) 0.56* (0.10) 0.25* (0.12) − 0.03 (0.12) 0.10 (0.12) 0.17* (0.08)
 High − 0.21 (0.15) 0.91* (0.15) 1.12* (0.19) 0.30* (0.12) − 0.03 (0.12) 0.01 (0.12) 0.33* (0.10)
 N 1179 1554 1161 3205 2446 2460 2518
Urbanicity: baseline = “Small town”
 Big town or City 0.04 (0.10) 0.15 (0.15) 0.72* (0.18) 0.02 (0.05) − 0.04 (0.09) − 0.03 (0.07) 0.03 (0.08)
 N 760 1393 1083 3181 2326 2335 2519
Gender: baseline = “Boy”
 Girl − 0.25* (0.06) 0.13* (0.06) − 0.02 (0.08) − 0.02 (0.04) − 0.16* (0.05) − 0.09 (0.06) 0.09 (0.05)
 N 1173 1497 1129 3207 2439 2479 2519
Home language: baseline = “Language of Instruction”
 Other language 0.07 (0.11) − 0.28* (0.13) − 0.35* (0.17) − 0.12 (0.12) − 0.03 (0.10) − 0.10 (0.07) 0.11 (0.09)
 N 1171 1505 1128 3197 2430 2431 2513

Coefficients for groups come from separate regressions. Standard errors shown in parentheses. Probability weights have been applied and jackknife standard errors have been calculated in all countries except in Denmark, Ethiopia, and Kenya. In Denmark, Ethiopia, and Kenya standard errors have been clustered by school

DNK = Denmark, ETH = Ethiopia, KEN = Kenya, RUS = Russian Federation, SVN = Slovenia, ARE = United Arab Emirates, UZB = Uzbekistan

aData may not be representative of target population

*p < 0.05