Table 4.

Representative cohort studies from Nordic countries, the UK and the USA on the association of pre-eclampsia and risk of IHD or stroke

Study	N of women with/without history of pre-eclampsia	Origin of the study	Duration of follow-up time (years)	RR (95% CI) for IHD	RR (95% CI) for stroke
Wikström et al 22	20 469*/383 081	Sweden	Mean 15	1.7 (1.5 to 2.0)	NR
Lykke et al 21	25 184/643 935	Denmark	Median 14.6	1.82 (1.65 to 2.00)	1.53 (1.38 to 1.69)
Bhattacharya et al 33	2026/23 935	Scotland	NR	1.18 (0.99 to 1.41)	1.16 (0.93 to 1.45)
Männistö et al 13	242/8297	Northern Finland	Mean 39.4	1.36 (1.01 to 1.83)	1.19 (0.68 to 2.09)
Haug et al 34	1391/21 766	Norway	Median 18	1.78 (1.26 to 2.52)†	1.46 (1.08 to 1.97) for women of 40–70 years of age
Leon et al 35	25 554/1 277 811	UK	Median 9.25	1.67 (1.54 to 1.81)	1.9 (1.53 to 2.35)
Garovic et al 36	298/596	Minnesota, USA	Median 36.2 for pre-eclamptic women and 35.8 for referents	1.85 (1.23 to 2.78)	1.40 (0.89 to 2.22)
The present study	31 728/92 168	Finland	Mean 34	1.52 (1.44 to 1.59)	1.40 (1.32 to 1.48)

*Including also women with gestational hypertension.

†Myocardial infarction only.

IHD, ischaemic heart disease; NR, not reported; RR, relative risk.