Maternal GE improved metabolic health in mice offspring. A, Maternal dietary treatment plan. Female SV40 transgenic mice or C57 mice (10 dams/group) were administered either control diet or GE diet (250 mg/kg) from 4 weeks of age until conception and weaning. Female offspring were fed either control (grey) or HFD diet (pink) throughout their lifespan resulting in 4 treatment groups in the offspring (~15 female offspring/group). B-K, Metabolic data from SV40 (left panel) and C57 female offspring mice (right panel). Body weight was monitored throughout 12 weeks of age in SV40 and 25 weeks in C57 offspring mice, respectively (n=~15 mice/group). Body fat composition, glucose tolerance test (GTT) and lipid profiles were tested at 12 weeks of age in SV40 and 21 weeks in C57 offspring mice, respectively (n=5 mice/group). B and C, Body weight. D and E, Body fat composition (fat mass/body weight). F and G, GTT. Blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after injection with 10% glucose intraperitoneally. H and I, GTT quantification by areas under the curve. J and K, Serum lipid profiles for HDL and triglyceride levels. Columns, mean; Bars, SE; *, P<.05, **, P<.01 significant to the indicated group. &, maternal GE-HFD significantly different from the HFD group.