FIG. 2.

Cytokine production by spleen cells from infected mice. Spleen cells from WT, IL-4^−/−, IL-12^−/−, and IL-4/IL-12^−/− mice, exposed to ∼70 cercariae 47 days earlier, were assayed individually. Spleen cells were stimulated in vitro with SEA, and levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IFN-γ were measured in culture supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ∗, significant differences (P < 0.05) between cytokine production in IL-4^−/− and IL-4/IL-12^−/− mice and cytokine production in WT and IL-12^−/− mice. ∗∗, significant increase (P < 0.05) in IL-10 production by IL-12^−/− mice than by WT mice. ND, not detected. There were five animals per group. Data are means ± standard errors of the means and are representative of three separate experiments.