Table 1.

Completed clinical trials of drug treatments in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Intervention	Pathways	Completed clinical trials
Metabolic control (Hypoglycemic Agents, Fenofibrate, Aliskiren)	Insulin signaling, RAAS	NCT00542178 (141), NCT00768040, NCT00252733 (142), NCT00252720 (142)
Ruboxistaurin	PKCβ signaling	NCT00266695, NCT00090519, NCT00604383 (143)
Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, Aflibercept, Conbercept, Pegaptanib Sodium	VEGF signaling	NCT01100307, NCT01270542, NCT01908816, NCT01363440, NCT00682539, NCT01661946, NCT00548197, NCT02834663, NCT01988246, NCT01594281, NCT00996437, NCT02366468, NCT02816710, NCT01854593, NCT02718326 (144), NCT01069341, NCT02858076, NCT01805297, NCT00606138, NCT00445003, NCT00745498, NCT01189461, NCT03126786, NCT02949024, NCT03917472, NCT02863354, NCT05414149
Intravitreal steroids(Triamcinolone acetonide, Dexamethasone); NSAID; Antibiotics(doxycycline monohydrate); Immunosuppressants	Inflammation	NCT01853072 (145), NCT00444600, NCT01571232, NCT00917553, NCT00511875, NCT00711490, NCT00782717, NCT01872611 (145), NCT00105404, NCT00367133, NCT02443012, NCT03608839, NCT00229931, NCT00369486, NCT01892163, NCT02511067, NCT02842541 (146), NCT01609881
Emixustat Hydrochloride	Visual cycle isomerohydrolase	NCT02753400 (147), NCT00412451