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. 2022 Dec 5;67:101651. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101651

Figure 1.

Figure 1

PPM prevents MPO- and MDA-mediated HDL modification and preserves HDL cholesterol efflux capacity. A-B. PPM prevents the crosslinking of apoAI on HDL caused by MDA modification. C. PPM prevents MDA mediated HDL cholesterol efflux dysfunction in Apoe−/− macrophages. Cholesterol-enriched Apoe−/− macrophages were incubated for 24h with DMEM alone or containing 50 μg HDL protein/ml, and the % decrease in cellular cholesterol was then measured as described in the Methods. D. PPM prevents the HOCl mediated crosslinking of lipid-free apoAI. E. PPM prevents MPO-mediated HDL modification and preserves HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in Apoe−/− macrophages. Cholesterol-enriched Apoe−/− macrophages were incubated for 24h with DMEM alone or containing HDL (50 μg protein/ml) and the % decrease in cellular cholesterol was measured. F. PPM treatment improves the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL in Ldlr−/− mice. Cholesterol-enriched Apoe−/− macrophages were incubated for 24h with DMEM alone or containing 2.5% (vol/vol) apoB-depleted serum, and the cellular cholesterol was then measured. G. PPM reduces the plasma levels of MDA-LDL in Ldlr−/− mice on WD for 16 weeks. Graph data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3 in each group); The in vitro studies are 3 independent experiments, ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01 by t-test or one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test.