Table 1.

Basic characteristics of the included studies in this systematic review.

First Author/year	Location	Sample size	M/F ratio (%)	Age (mean ± SD)	Single/Married ratio (%)	Level of education (lower intermediate and intermediate/upper-intermediate)	Occupation (%)	Residence of area (urban/rural) (%)	Type of burn injury (%)	Grade of burn injury (%)	Site of the burn (%)	Questionnaire	Key results	AXIS Score
Enayati et al., 2006 [39]	Iran	60	48.33/51.67	28.53 (SD = 11.02)	48.33/51.67	N/A	N/A	N/A	Chemical	N/A	N/A	Cooper Smith's self-esteem questionnaire	• The mean score of self-esteem was 56.68 (SD = 5.49).	Fair
Faisal et al., 2016	Pakistan	100	53.00/47.00	N/A	5.00/95.00	96.00/4.00	•Unemployed (38.00)	N/A	•Thermal (5.00)	N/A	Facial	SSES	•The mean score of self-esteem was 56.94 (SD = 7.38).
[40]							•Employed (37.00)		•Chemical (22.00)				•66.00% of patients had a below-average score in self-esteem scores.	High
							•Self-employed (4.00)		•Industrial (64.00)				•There was a significant relationship between facial burns and low self-esteem (P = 0.001).
							•Housewife (21.00)		•Electrical (9.00)				•Women had higher self-esteem scores than men (P = 0.001).
													•Housewives had higher self-esteem scores than others (P = 0.001).
													•Patients with chemical burns had higher self-esteem scores than others (P = 0.001)
													•Patients with incidental burns had higher self-esteem scores than accidental (P = 0.001).
													•Patients who had sustained the injury at home had a higher self-esteem score than those who had sustained the injury in the workplace (P = 0.001).
Jain et al., 2017	India	100	54.00/46.00	34.15 (SD = 10.80)	31.00/69.00	70.00/30.00	N/A	N/A	N/A	•First (46.00)	•Facial (57.00)	RSES	•71.74% of patients with first-grade burn, had normal self-esteem.	High
[41]										•Second (37.00)	•Others (43.00)		•64.86% of patients with second-grade burn, had normal self-esteem.
										•Third (17.00)			•58.82% of patients with third-grade burn, had normal self-esteem.
Zahid et al., 2017	Pakistan	100	53.00/47.00	N/A	5.00/95.00	96.00/4.00	•Unemployed (38.00)	N/A	N/A	N/A	Facial	SSES	•The mean score of self-esteem was 74.88 (SD = 6.90).	High
[45]							•Employed (37.00)						•Male patients had a higher score of self-esteem than female patients (t = 6.226, P < 0.05).
							•Self-employed (4.00)
							•Housewife (21.00)
Zaidi et al., 2017	Pakistan	40	62.50/37.50	28.28 (SD = 4.60)	50.00/50.00	20.00/80.00	N/A	N/A	•Thermal (67.50)	Third (100)	•Face and chest (17.50)	Rifais' self-esteem scale	The mean score of self-esteem was 109.77 (SD = 9.55).	High
[32]									•Hot water (32.50)		•Hand and chest (57.50)
											•Different body parts (25.00)
Mujeeb &	Pakistan	62	0/100	29.34 (SD = 9.18)	48.39/51.61	95.16/4.84	N/A	N/A	•Chemical (45.17)	•First (30.65)	N/A	RSES	•The mean score of self-esteem was 21.30 (SD = 3.76).	High
Tariq, 2019									•Thermal (35.48)	•Second(50.00)			•Minor burns patients had a higher score of self-esteem than severe burns patients (P < 0.01).
[43]									•Explosive (19.35)	•Third(19.35)			•There was a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and PTSD (β = −0.399, P = 0.001).
Saad, 2019 [44]	Egypt	50	50.00/50.00	36.32 (SD = 13.12)	36.00/64.00	88.00/12.00	•Worker (44.00)	48.00/52.00	•Thermal (50.00)	•Second (60.00)	•Face	RSES	•40.00% of patients had low self-esteem (<15) in the first week of burns.	High
							•Housewife (40.00)		•Hot water (36.00)	•Third (40.00)	•Trunk		•The mean score of self-esteem in the first week of burns was 13.00 (SD = 7.80).
							•Employed (10.00)		•Chemical (8.00)		•buttocks		•88.00% of patients had low self-esteem (<15) in the eight weeks of burns.
							•Unemployed (6.00)		•Electrical (6.00)		•Thighs		•The mean score of self-esteem in the eighth week of burns was 9.24 (SD = 3.92).
											•Legs		•There was a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and the percentage of burn (P = 0.014).
											•Feet		•There was a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and grade of burn (p = 0.002).
											•Others		•There was a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and depth of burn (P < 0.05).
													•There was a significant relationship between self-esteem and sites of burns (P < 0.05).
													•There was a significant relationship between self-esteem and burn scar (P < 0.05).
Selvamani et al., 2019 [31]	India	30	50.00/50.00	35.00 (SD=N/A)	26.67/73.33	N/A	N/A	73.33/26.67	N/A	N/A	N/A	RSES	The mean score of self-esteem in burn patients was 18.07 (SD=N/A).	High
Ghorbani et al., 2020 [29]	Iran	120	39.17/60.83	35.40 (SD = 12.38)	37.50/62.50	80.00/20.00	•Housewife (32.50)	N/A	•Thermal (69.16)	N/A	•Face (0.83)	RSES	•The mean score of self-esteem was 2.70 (SD = 4.95).	High
							•Unemployed (8.33)		•Hot water (15.00)		•Upper limb (0.83)		•There was a significant positive relationship between social support and self-esteem (p = 0.001, r = 0.288).
							•Worker (12.50)		•Electrical (4.18)		•Lower limbs (3.33)		•There was a significant positive relationship between family support and self-esteem (p = 0.006, r = 0.25).
							•Employed (20.00)		•Chemical (11.66)		•Face and upper limb (11.68)		•There was a significant positive relationship between friends' support and self-esteem (p = 0.033, r = 0.195).
							•Self-employed (23.33)				•Face and lower limb (0.83)		•There was a significant positive relationship between supporting others and self-esteem (p = 0.001, r = 0.289).
							•Student (3.34)				•Face and trunk (2.50)
											•Upper and lower limb (7.50)
											•Upper and trunk (3.33)
											•More than three areas (69.17)
Kadam et al., 2021 [42]	India	100	47.00/53.00	29.56 (SD = 8.64)	25.00/75.00	95.00/5.00	•Unemployed (72.00)	N/A	•Thermal (62.00)	N/A	N/A	RSES	•The mean score of self-esteem was 18.70 (SD = 5.08).	High
							•Employed (24.00)		•Hot water (34.00)				•There was a significant negative relationship between psychiatric morbidity and self-esteem (P < 0.00001).
							•Student (4.00)		•Chemical (4.00)				•There was a significant negative relationship between major depressive disorder and self-esteem (P < 0.00001).
													•There was a significant negative relationship between suicidality and self-esteem (P < 0.00001).
													•There was a significant relationship between quality of life and self-esteem (P < 0.00001).

RSES: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; SSES: State Self-Esteem Scale.