Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Adult Self-Report (ASR) syndrome scores and the MOS-SF36 scores at baseline and 12 months by group
| Syndromes and Scales | VFBA | Control | P time × group interaction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
||||
| Baseline M (SD) | 12 Months M (SD) | Baseline M (SD) | 12 Months M (SD) | ||
| CBCL | |||||
| Emotionally Reactivea | 2.71 (2.82) | 2.32 (2.16) | 2.55 (2.36) | 2.42 (3.34) | *** |
| Anxious/Depressed | 3.52 (3.99) | 2.51 (3.14) | 2.98 (2.74) | 2.55 (3.18) | |
| Somatic Complaints | 2.00 (2.42) | 1.19 (1.27) | 2.25 (2.53) | 2.03 (2.82) | |
| Withdrawna | 2.39 (2.97) | 2.16 (2.69) | 1.87 (2.17) | 1.5 (1.98) | *** |
| Sleep Problemsa | 2.71 (2.79) | 2.53 (2.46) | 2.61 (3.11) | 3.58 (3.63) | * |
| Attention Problems | 3.44 (3.51) | 2.51 (2.76) | 4.28 (3.7) | 4.1 (4.48) | |
| Aggressive Behavior | 10.29 (8.67) | 6.11 (7.27) | 9.37 (6.59) | 6.52 (7.3) | * |
| Internalizing Problems | 10.35 (9.57) | 6.51 (6.31) | 8.81 (7.47) | 6.65 (8.62) | |
| Externalizing Problems | 12.82 (10.27) | 8.16 (9.48) | 12.25 (8.41) | 8.68 (9.01) | |
| Total Problems | 36.98 (28.45) | 24.54 (23.23) | 34.93 (23.18) | 29.19 (26.48) | * |
| ASR | |||||
| Anxious/Depressed | 7.43 (5.91) | 4.44 (5.56) | 7.81 (6.75) | 5.11 (5.32) | *** |
| Withdrawn | 2.45 (2.44) | 1.11 (2.53) | 2.83 (2.87) | 2.06 (2.55) | |
| Somatic Complaints | 3.05 (2.91) | 2.07 (3.77) | 3.38 (3.66) | 3.67 (5.24) | |
| Thought Problems | 1.72 (1.75) | 1.00 (1.11) | 1.94 (2.13) | 1.83 (3.07) | |
| Attention Problems | 5.97 (4.89) | 3.30 (3.10) | 5.60 (5.17) | 4.33 (4.52) | |
| Aggressive Behavior | 5.28 (4.37) | 2.67 (2.79) | 4.56 (4.70) | 3.00 (3.65) | |
| Rule-Breaking Behavior | 2.03 (2.17) | 0.85 (1.32) | 1.96 (2.55) | 2.00 (2.68) | *** |
| Intrusive | 1.69 (2.04) | 0.96 (1.22) | 1.33 (1.78) | 0.89 (0.76) | |
| Internalizing Problems | 12.93 (9.54) | 7.63 (11.28) | 14.02 (11.37) | 10.83 (11.89) | *** |
| Externalizing Problems | 9.00 (6.93) | 4.48 (3.90) | 7.85 (7.84) | 5.89 (6.11) | |
| Total Problems | 37.41 (23.32) | 21.85 (20.88) | 37.44 (28.86) | 28.89 (27.64) | *** |
| MOS-SF36 | |||||
| Physical Functioning | 84.43 (22.03) | 86.47 (20.58) | 88.11 (18.43) | 85.44 (23.14) | *** |
| Social Functioning | 86.65 (27.94) | 90.91 (24.06) | 91.75 (25.59) | 92.05 (27.03) | *** |
| Role Limitations Due to Physical Health Problemsb | 73.30 (35.93) | 81.62 (28.41) | 71.63 (34.31) | 75.74 (37.68) | *** |
| Role Limitations Due to Personal or Emotional Problemsb | 70.45 (40.80) | 81.37 (31.98) | 69.87 (45.86) | 68.63 (42.59) | *** |
| Emotional Wellbeing | 69.81 (16.08) | 73.75 (17.06) | 71.60 (19.08) | 72.77 (17.17) | *** |
| Energy/Vitality | 46.07 (19.62) | 53.59 (20.49) | 52.00 (21.48) | 59.84 (18.19) | *** |
| Bodily Painb | 72.03 (26.27) | 79.16 (19.59) | 79.01 (21.28) | 75.45 (28.66) | *** |
| General Health | 68.02 (16.48) | 73.39 (14.16) | 66.40 (23.78) | 65.31 (25.17) | *** |
p = p of the interaction of time of assessment (baseline vs. 12 months) and group (VFBA vs. Control);
*
p < 0.05
***
p < 0.001
a
Ages 3–5
b
Higher scores = less pain and role limitations; all analyses conducted using Generalized Estimating Equations