Table 3.

Mediation (indirect effect) of change in ACT-based processes from baseline to 3-months of the effect of treatment on cessation outcomes^a,b.

Mediators	n	Change from baseline to 3-months Mean (SD)					Estimate of indirect effect (95% CI) for cessation outcomed
		Overall (N = 550	QuitGuide (n = 288	iCanQuit (n = 262	Point Estimatec (95% CI)	p value
Acceptance of internal cues to smokee
Sensations	465	0.15 (0.70)	0.07 (0.67)	0.24 (0.72)	0.15 (0.04, 0.26)	0.008	0.19 (0.05, 0.36)*
Emotions	469	0.16 (0.66)	0.09 (0.56)	0.23 (0.74)	0.12 (0.02, 0.23)	0.021	0.24 (0.04, 0.48)*
Thoughts	472	0.13 (0.63)	0.13 (0.56)	0.13 (0.69)	0.02 (−0.08, 0.12)	0.692	0.05 (−0.09, 0.20)
Mean score	464	0.14 (0.57)	0.09 (0.50)	0.20 (0.63)	0.10 (0.01, 0.20)	0.028	0.22 (0.03, 0.44)*
Valued livingf
Progressg	472	−0.48 (7.49)	−0.59 (7.62)	−0.36 (7.36)	0.20 (−0.98, 1.37)	0.744	0.01 (−0.04, 0.08)
Obstructionh	466	0.36 (8.41)	0.20 (8.20)	0.54 (8.65)	0.68 (−0.60, 1.95)	0.300	−0.01 (−0.06, 0.02)

Abbreviations: ACT, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy.

^aAll models include the following covariates: Education (high school diploma or less), heavy smoking (>20 cigs/day), minority race or ethnicity, and depression symptoms (CESD-20 ≥16).

^bAll changes in acceptance and valued living scores calculated as follow-up at 3-months minus baseline.

^cPoint estimate is for the difference between treatment arms in the change from baseline to 3-month follow-up.

^dEstimation of mediation effect (indirect effect) for the PROCESS macro is greater than 0.05 if the bootstrap CI contains 0.

^eAvoidance and inflexibility scale. Range in change is −4 to 4. Positive scores indicate higher acceptance at follow-up.

^fValuing questionnaire. Range in change is −30 to 30.

^gPositive scores of valued living progress indicate improvement.

^hPositive scores valued living obstruction indicate worse condition.

^*P < 0.05.