Table 2.
Clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with rheumatic disease complicated by PJP, stratified by 90-day mortality
| Variables | Survival (n = 22) |
Death (n = 15) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 50.0 ± 13.3 | 50.1 ± 14.1 | 0.977 |
| Sex (male), n (%) | 5 (22.7) | 4 (26.7) | 0.784 |
| Underlying rheumatic diseases, n (%) | |||
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 8 (36.4) | 6 (40.0) | 0.999 |
| Dermatomyositis | 6 (27.3) | 5 (33.3) | 0.728 |
| Others | 8 (36.4) | 4 (26.7) | 0.724 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 4 (18.2) | 3 (20.0) | 0.890 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (9.1) | 2 (13.3) | 0.683 |
| Heart failure | 3 (13.6) | 3 (20.0) | 0.606 |
| Chronic renal dysfunction | 5 (22.7) | 5 (33.3) | 0.476 |
| Interstitial pneumonia | 8 (36.4) | 9 (60.0) | 0.157 |
| Laboratory, n (%) or median (IQR) | |||
| LDH > 500 U/L | 8 (36.4) | 13 (86.7) | 0.003 |
| Lymphocyte count (109/L) | 0.6 (0.30–1.0) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8) | 0.345 |
| CD4 + lymphocyte count (cells/µL) | 137.9 (65.6–207.8) | 82.0 (41.5–213.0) | 0.404 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 28.2 (26.0–31.5) | 23.8 (21.4–29.6) | 0.034 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 246.5 (192.5–280.0) | 120.0 (105.0–147.5) | < 0.001 |
| C reactive protein (mg/L) | 49.9 (23.7–92.8) | 90.7 (36.1–117.9) | 0.337 |
| CMV viremia, n (%) | 8 (36.4) | 8 (53.3) | 0.306 |
| Medication before admission | |||
| Cyclophosphamide use, n (%) | 9 (40.9) | 0 (0.0) | NA |
| ≧ 2 immunosuppressive agents use, n (%) | 5 (22.7) | 3 (20.0) | 0.843 |
| Methylprednisolone equivalent glucocorticoids (mg/d), median (IQR) | 40.0 (30.0–50.0) | 40.0 (24.8–60.0) | 0.596 |
| In-hospital treatment | |||
| TMP-SMX > 7 days, n (%) | 2 (9.1) | 8 (53.3) | 0.006 |
| Methylprednisolone equivalent glucocorticoids (mg/d), median (IQR) | 41.3 (32.2–52.1) | 73.3 (50.7–85.2) | < 0.001 |
| Caspofungin use, n (%) | 16 (72.7) | 14 (93.3) | 0.116 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 3 (13.6) | 14 (93.3) | < 0.001 |
PJP Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, TMP/SMX trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, IQR inter-quartile range, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, NA not applicable