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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Dec 27.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Mater. 2022 May 12;34(24):e2109764. doi: 10.1002/adma.202109764

Figure 1. Polyacrylamide hydrogels as anti-biofouling device coatings.

Figure 1.

a. Coating substrates with anti-biofouling hydrogels can mitigate platelet adhesion and aggregation. b. Monomers employed for combinatorial hydrogel synthesis: acrylamide (A), dimethylacrylamide (B), diethylacrylamide (C), (3-methoxypropyl)acrylamide (D), hydroxymethylacrylamide (E), hydroxyethylacrylamide (F), [tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]acrylamide (G), acryloylmorpholine (H), (acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium (I), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid (J), N-isopropylacrylamide (K), poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (L), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (M), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium (N), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA; O). c. Photopolymerization (λ = 350 nm) of polyacrylamide hydrogels using lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP) as a radical photoinitiator. d. Range of Young’s moduli for commercial polymers: polyurethane (PU), silicone rubbers (SR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), parylene C, and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). In this study, polyacrylamide copolymer hydrogels were fabricated with elastic moduli similar to human arteries.44,45 e. Oscillatory shear rheology of hydrogels formed with low (A100; top) and high (G100; bottom) molecular weight monomers indicates consistency in shear moduli amongst the hydrogels, regardless of composition.