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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2022 Nov 22;43(1):15–29. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.122.317332

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Vascular aging and aging-accelerated vascular disease. Genetic and environmental factors induced endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation that leads to vascular remodeling and development of cardiovascular disease.