TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study group (n = 376)
| NTN (n = 207) | HTN (n = 169) | P | |
| Age (years) | 67.9 ± 7.2 | 71.1 ± 6.9 | <0.001 |
| Education (years) | 16.8 ± 2.2 | 16.8 ± 2.5 | 0.99 |
| Sex n (%female) | 138 (67%) | 90 (53%) | 0.008 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 117.3 ± 10.6 | 133.6 ± 17.8 | N/A |
| DBP (mmHg) | 71.1 ± 8.5 | 76.6 ± 11.2 | N/A |
| BMIa (kg/m2) | 25.5 ± 4.3 | 28.1 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterolb (mg/dl) | 200.5 ± 32.9 | 187.7 ± 35.2 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterolb (mg/dl) | 67.3 ± 18.7 | 60.8 ± 15.6 | 0.001 |
| LDL cholesterolc (mg/dl) | 114.6 ± 29.8 | 106.5 ± 29.5 | 0.01 |
| Triglyceridesb (mg/dl) | 93.1 ± 45.8 | 103.6 ± 47.0 | 0.009 |
| Glucosed (mg/dl) | 80.8 ± 12.7 | 88.1 ± 16.7 | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive medication n (%) | N/A | 136 (81%) | N/A |
| Controlled HTN n (%) | N/A | 93 (55%) | N/A |
| Uncontrolled HTN n (%) | N/A | 43 (25%) | N/A |
| Untreated HTN n (%) | N/A | 33 (20%) | N/A |
| Statins n (%) | 43 (21%) | 82 (49%) | <0.001 |
| Glucose lowering medications n (%) | 2 (1%) | 14 (8%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus n (%) | 2 (1%) | 14 (8%) | <0.001 |
| Smoking n (%) | 12 (6%) | 11 (7%) | 0.76 |
| WML volumee (% whole brain) | 0.59 ± 0. 039 | 0.67 ± 0. 043 | 0.15 |
| Gray matter volumef (% ICV) | 41.4 ± 0.24 | 40.5 ± 0.27 | 0.01 |
| White matter volumef (% ICV) | 29.0 ± 0.15 | 28.8 ± 0.17 | 0.23 |
| Hippocampal volumef (% ICV) | 0.263 ± 0.002 | 0.258 ± 0.002 | 0.04 |
Data is presented as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated. P-values come from t-test (total cholesterol, LDL) or Mann–Whitney U-test (age, education, BMI, HDL, triglycerides, glucose). For categorical variables, χ2 was used.
n = 371 (NTN = 204, HTN = 167)
n = 369 (NTN = 205, HTN = 164)
n = 363 (NTN = 200, HTN = 163)
n = 371 (NTN = 206, HTN = 165)
Values are presented as mean ± standard errors (SE), P-values from ANCOVA after accounting for age.
Hippocampal volume is a mean of left and right, values are presented as mean ± standard errors (SE), P-values from ANCOVA after accounting for age and gender. Since the residuals from GM model were not normally distributed, the values were reanalyzed using ranked ANCOVA. Results remained the same.
ICV, intracranial volume; HTN, hypertension; NTN, normotensive.