Table 2.
Matched unadjusted demographic and health-related characteristics by cesarean delivery among women with a documented delivery from a large healthcare system’s electronic health record from April 1, 2012 to September 30, 2019 (n = 2154).
| Parameter | Total n (%)/Mean ± SD | Cesarean delivery (%)/Mean ± SD | Vaginal delivery n (%)/Mean ± SD | Odds ratio 95% (CI) | χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 2154 (100.0) | 833 (38.7) | 1321 (61.3) | |||
| Age at delivery (ranges 18–44) | 29.9 ± 5.6 | 30.8 ± 5.6 | 29.3 ± 5.5 | 1.05 (1.04–1.07) | 38.56 | <0.0001 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Hispanic/Latina | 201 (9.6) | 80 (9.9) | 121 (9.4) | 1.13 (0.83–1.55) | 0.02 | 0.9133 |
| Non-Hispanic/Latina Black | 211 (10.1) | 95 (11.7) | 116 (9.1) | 1.40 (1.04–1.90) | 3.19 | 0.0739 |
| Othera | 813 (38.8) | 316 (39.0) | 497 (38.8) | 1.09 (0.90–1.33) | 0.45 | 0.5031 |
| Non-Hispanic/Latina White | 868 (41.5) | 320 (39.5) | 548 (42.8) | – | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 1015 (47.3) | 418 (50.4) | 597 (45.3) | 1.32 (1.12–1.58) | 1.41 | 0.2352 |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 88 (4.1) | 49 (5.9) | 40 (3.0) | 2.37 (1.53–3.70) | 10.89 | 0.0010 |
| Married | 1044 (48.6) | 362 (43.7) | 682 (51.7) | – | ||
| Body mass index at delivery | 32.6 ± 7.6 | 34.4 ± 8.3 | 31.4 ± 6.8 | 1.05 (1.04–1.07) | 73.08 | <0.0001 |
| ≥1 previous pregnancyb | ||||||
| No | 1982 (92.0) | 774 (92.9) | 1208 (91.4) | 1.23 (0.88–1.70) | 1.51 | 0.2205 |
| Yes | 172 (8.0) | 59 (7.1) | 113 (8.6) | – | ||
| Health insurance | ||||||
| Public | 482 (22.4) | 199 (23.9) | 283 (21.4) | 1.16 (0.94–1.43) | 1.37 | 0.2426 |
| No insurance | 211 (9.8) | 80 (9.6) | 131 (9.9) | 1.02 (0.76–1.37) | 0.15 | 0.6987 |
| Private | 1461 (67.8) | 554 (66.5) | 907 (62.1) | – | ||
| Substance-related diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 1077 (50.0) | 477 (57.3) | 600 (45.4) | 1.61 (1.35–1.92) | 28.50 | <0.0001 |
| No | 1077 (50.0) | 356 (42.7) | 721 (54.6) | – | ||
| Serious mental illness | ||||||
| Yes | 162 (7.5) | 82 (9.8) | 80 (6.1) | 1.69 (1.23–2.34) | 10.35 | 0.0013 |
| No | 1992 (92.5) | 751 (90.2) | 1241 (93.9) | – | ||
| Non-serious mental illness | ||||||
| Yes | 707 (32.8) | 287 (34.5) | 420 (31.8) | 1.18 (0.99–1.41) | 45.87 | 0.0725 |
| No | 1447 (67.2) | 546 (65.6) | 901 (68.2) | – | ||
| Preexisting health condition | ||||||
| Yes | 1076 (49.9) | 494 (59.3) | 582 (44.1) | 1.84 (1.54–2.19) | 45.87 | <0.0001 |
| No | 1078 (50.1) | 339 (40.7) | 739 (55.9) | – | ||
Notes: Matched age at delivery by cesarean delivery: n = 837, median = 31.0, Ranges = 18–44. Matched age at delivery by vaginal delivery: n = 1325, median = 29.0, ranges = 18–44. Matched BMI at delivery by cesarean delivery: n = 837, median = 32.8, ranges = 20.1–72.3. Matched BMI at delivery by non-preterm delivery: n = 1325, median = 30.2, ranges = 14.4–101.2.). Variable totals may not sum to column totals due to missing data.
Other race/ethnicity includes American Indian/Alaskan Native (n = 15), Asian/Pacific Islander (n = 139), and other race or mixed race/ethnicity (n = 659).
≥1 previous pregnancy at ≥ 20 weeks’ gestation ending in a livebirth or stillbirth.