Table 1.

Dependent and independent variables in this research.

Variable type	Variable name	Measurement	Code	Expected effects
Dependent variables	Human resource for health	Health resource of density index of physician	HRDI_P	Dependent variable
		Health resource of density index of nurse	HRDI_N	Dependent variable
Independent variables	Supportive resources	Bed density per thousand people	BD	+
		Government health expenditure per capita	GHE	+
	Healthcare need	Proportion of elderly population (aged over 65)	EP	+
	Socioeconomic factors	Urbanization rate	UR	+
		GDP per capita	GDP	+
	Sociocultural factors	Education expenditure per pupil	EE	+
		Park green area per capita	PGA	+