TABLE 1.
Sociodemographic, medical, and pandemic-related characteristics of study participants with increased social participation and participants with decreased or stable social participation.
| All (N = 126) n (%) | SP increased (N = 78) n (%) | SP decreased or stayed stable (N = 48) n (%) | p | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 37 (29.6) | 24 (31.2) | 13 (27.1) | 0.81 |
| Female | 88 (70.4) | 53 (68.8) | 35 (72.9) | |
| Age, years [mean (SD)] | 52.1 (13.0) | 50.7 (13.8) | 54.4 (11.4) | |
| <40 | 28 (22.4) | 21 (27.3) | 7 (14.6) | 0.27 |
| 40–65 | 76 (60.8) | 45 (58.4) | 31 (64.6) | |
| >65 | 21 (16.8) | 11 (14.3) | 10 (20.8) | |
| School education | ||||
| Low | 8 (6.3) | 3 (4.1) | 5 (10.6) | 0.22 |
| Middle | 35 (27.8) | 18 (24.3) | 17 (36.2) | |
| High | 75 (59.5) | 51 (68.9) | 24 (51.1) | |
| Not specified | 3 (2.4) | 2 (2.7) | 1 (2.1) | |
| City resident size | ||||
| <5,000 | 50 (41.3) | 32 (41.0) | 18 (37.5) | 0.65 |
| 5,000–20,000 | 28 (23.1) | 14 (18.0) | 14 (29.2) | |
| 20,000–100,000 | 11 (9.1) | 7 (9.0) | 4 (8.3) | |
| >100,000 | 32 (26.5) | 21 (26.9) | 11 (22.9) | |
| Household* | ||||
| Parenting | 26 (20.6) | 19 (24.4) | 7 (14.6) | 0.26 |
| Single parent | 2 (1.6) | 2 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.53 |
| Living alone | 22 (17.5) | 14 (18.0) | 8 (16.7) | 1 |
| Care of relatives other than children | 16 (12.7) | 9 (11.5) | 7 (14.6) | 0.78 |
| Underlying disease* | ||||
| Rheumatological disease | 49 (38.9) | 30 (38.5) | 19 (39.6) | 1 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 21 (16.7) | 14 (18.0) | 7 (14.6) | 0.81 |
| Psoriasis | 19 (15.1) | 11 (14.1) | 8 (16.7) | 0.80 |
| Multiple sclerosis | 18 (14.3) | 14 (18.0) | 4 (8.3) | 0.19 |
| Solid organ transplant | 10 (7.9) | 6 (7.7) | 4 (8.3) | 1 |
| Other | 12 (9.5) | 4 (5.1) | 8 (16.7) | 0.051 |
| Comorbidities* | ||||
| Hypertension | 53 (42.1) | 25 (32.1) | 28 (58.3) | 0.01 |
| Diabetes type 2 | 6 (4.8) | 6 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.08 |
| Depression | 15 (11.9) | 11 (14.1) | 4 (8.3) | 0.41 |
| Severe obesity | 17 (13.5) | 11 (14.1) | 6 (12.5) | 1 |
| Renal insufficiency | 9 (7.1) | 6 (7.7) | 3 (6.3) | 1 |
| Chronic pain | 23 (18.2) | 15 (19.2) | 8 (16.7) | 0.81 |
| Asthma bronchiale | 12 (9.5) | 7 (9.0) | 5 (10.4) | 0.77 |
| Allergies | 27 (21.4) | 17 (21.8) | 10 (20.8) | 1 |
| Formal degree of disability (%)1 | ||||
| No impairment (0) | 48 (38.4) | 31 (39.7) | 17 (35.4) | 0.86 |
| Low impairment (20–49) | 23 (18.4) | 15 (19.2) | 8 (16.7) | |
| Moderate impairment (50–74) | 43 (34.4) | 25 (32.1) | 18 (37.5) | |
| Severe impairment (75–100) | 11 (8.8) | 6 (7.7) | 5 (10.4) | |
| Immunosuppressive medication* | ||||
| Glucocorticosteroids | 44 (34.9) | 29 (37.2) | 15 (31.3) | 0.57 |
| Methotrexat | 30 (23.8) | 20 (25.6) | 10 (20.8) | 0.67 |
| TNF inhibitor | 26 (20.6) | 14 (18.0) | 12 (25.0) | 0.37 |
| Azathioprin | 10 (7.9) | 6 (7.7) | 4 (8.3) | 1 |
| Tacrolimus and everolimus | 9 (7.1) | 5 (6.4) | 4 (8.3) | 0.73 |
| Others | 34 (27.0) | 21 (26.9) | 13 (27.1) | 1 |
| Therapy paused for COVID-19 vaccination | 30 (23.8) | 16 (20.5) | 14 (29.2) | 0.24 |
| Number of immunosuppressant substances taken | ||||
| 1 | 73 (57.9) | 41 (52.6) | 32 (66.7) | 0.3 |
| 2 | 41 (32.5) | 28 (35.9) | 13 (27.1) | |
| 3 or more | 12 (9.5) | 9 (11.5) | 3 (6.3) | |
| Booster vaccination | ||||
| Before T2 | 46 (36.5) | 31 (39.8) | 15 (31.3) | 0.51 |
| After T2 | 57 (45.2) | 32 (41.0) | 25 (52.1) | |
| Unknown | 23 (18.3) | 15 (19.2) | 8 (16.7) | |
*Multiple selection possible. 1Based on the German social law measuring physical, mental, and social impairment.