TABLE 3.
IV regressions – education and mental health
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any depression | Any anxiety | Depression | Anxiety | Mean | |
| Variables | Symptoms | Symptoms | Index | Index | Index |
| Years of education | −0.06*** | −0.05*** | −0.12*** | −0.11*** | −0.06*** |
| (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.01) | |
| Observations | 2429 | 2427 | 2429 | 2427 | 2436 |
| Mean ‐ full sample | 0.45 | 0.44 | 1.80 | 1.80 | 0.00 |
| Mean ‐ control | 0.53 | 0.51 | 1.96 | 1.95 | 0.09 |
Note: Any Depression Symptoms and Any Anxiety Symptoms are categorical variables measuring whether the respondent suffered from any depressive or anxiety related symptoms. Depression Index and Anxiety index are measured on a scale of 1–5, where 5 represents more severe symptoms. The sample includes individuals who were between the ages of 0 and 30 in 1980. All specifications exclude those who were 14 and 15 years old in 1980, and control for categorical variables for living in a rural area, fixed effects for survey round, region and linear age trends, and rainfall/temperature shock in the year of birth. The control mean here refers to the mean of the outcome variable among those who were 16–30 years of age at the time of the reform. Results are based on data from World Health Survey from Zimbabwe. Standard errors are clustered by the age of the respondent in 1980.
* Significant at 10 percent. ** Significant at 5 percent. *** Significant at 1 percent.