Table 1.
Determination of pentacyclic triterpenes by liquid chromatography (LC)–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (MS) and polyphenols by LC–electrospray ionization MS/MS
| Compound | Animal feed | ‘Arbequina’ table olives | Plasma after treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (mg kg−1) | (mg kg−1) | (μg) | WKY olives (nmol L−1) | SHR olives (nmol L−1) | ||
| Pentacyclic triterpenes | ||||||
| Triterpenic acids | Maslinic acid | ND | 2341 ± 82.2 | 2.708 | 3.13 ± 0.85 | 3.51 ± 1.10 |
| Oleanolic acid | ND | 862 ± 44.0 | 0.997 | 1.08 ± 0.19 | 1.34 ± 0.40 | |
| Ursolic acid | ND | <LOD | — | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Triterpenic alcohols | Erythrodiol | ND | 10.4 ± 0.1 | 0.012 | <LOD | <LOD |
| Uvaol | ND | <LOD | — | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Polyphenols | ||||||
| Phenolic alcohols | Hydroxytyrosol | ND | 475 ± 11.8 | 0.549 | 0.50 ± 0.20 | 0.48 ± 0.14 |
| Hydroxytyrosol acetate | ND | 26.9 ± 0.7 | 0.031 | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Tyrosol | ND | 23.1 ± 0.6 | 0.027 | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Salidroside | ND | 17.4 ± 1.0 | 0.020 | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Catechol | ND | <LOD | — | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Phenolic acids | Vanillic acid | 0.54 ± 0.004 | 3.56 ± 0.1 | 0.004 | <LOQ | <LOQ |
| p‐Coumaric acid | 1.69 ± 0.02 | 5.65 ± 0.1 | 0.007 | <LOQ | <LOQ | |
| Caffeic acid | 0.26 ± 0.001 | 4.64 ± 0.1 | 0.005 | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Verbascoside | ND | 334 ± 30.8 | 0.387 | <LOQ | <LOQ | |
| Flavonoids | Luteolin | ND | 89.6 ± 3.0 | 0.104 | 0.42 ± 0.02 | 0.12 ± 0.02 |
| Luteolin‐7‐O‐glucoside | ND | 11.1 ± 1.7 | 0.013 | <LOQ | <LOQ | |
| Quercetin | ND | 6.49 ± 0.2 | 0.008 | <LOD | <LOD | |
| Rutin | ND | 26.0 ± 3.1 | 0.030 | <LOQ | <LOQ | |
| Apigenin | ND | 4.52 ± 0.2 | 0.005 | <LOQ | <LOQ | |
| Secoiridoids | Oleuropein | ND | 12.6 ± 0.2 | 0.015 | <LOQ | <LOQ |
| Lignans | (+)‐Pinoresinol | ND | 3.08 ± 0.2 | 0.004 | <LOD | <LOD |
Concentrations in animal feed, ‘Arbequina’ table olives, dose administered to the animals in the WKY olives and SHR olives groups, and the plasmatic concentrations obtained 15–17 h after the oral administration of 3.85 g kg−1 of body weight for 49 days.
Results are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean in the analysis of animal fed (n = 3), ‘Arbequina’ table olives (n = 6), and plasma samples from WKY (n = 7) and SHR (n = 8) olive groups. WKY, Wistar Kyoto (rats); SHR, spontaneously hypertensive rats; ND, not detected; LOD, limit of detection; LOQ, limit of quantification.