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. 2022 Nov 1;15(3):1430–1443.

Table 1.

Study design, level of evidence, Modified AXIS scores and allocated quality rating for included articles.

Author Year Country Title Study Design Level of Evidence* Modified Axis (Average for reviewers) Percentage (%) Quality Rating
Del Vecchio et al. 2022 Australia The Effects of Modified Taekwondo on Measures of Functional Fitness in Older Adults Randomised Control Trial III-2 15/20 75% Good
Kim et al. 2020 Korea Effects of Tai Chi versus Taekkyon on balance, lower-extremity strength, and gait ability in community-dwelling older women: A single-blinded randomized clinical trial. A Comparative Study II 15.5/20 77.5% Good
Ciaccioni et al. 2019 Italy Effects of a 4-month judo program on gait performance in older adults. Randomised Control Trial III-2 15.5/20 77.5% Good
Cho & Roh 2019 Korea Taekwondo Enhances Cognitive Function as a Result of Increased Neurotrophic Growth Factors in Elderly Women. A Comparative Study II 15.5/20 77.5% Good
de Queiroz et al 2016 Brazil 12 weeks of Brazilian jiu-jitsu training improves functional fitness in elderly men. A Comparative Study II 15/20 75% Good
Cromwell et al. 2007 USA Tae Kwon Do: An Effective Exercise for Improving Balance and Walking Ability in Older Adults. Randomised Control Trial III-2 15/20 75% Good

k = 0.93 Mean = 76.25% (SD ± 2.26%)
*

Level of evidence (31)