Table 4.

SEM Structural Model of Relations of Parent Variables to Income, Parent Variables, and Control Variables

	Material Hardship 2002			Parent Distress 2002			Parent Support 2002
	b	β	SE	b	β	SE	b	β	SE
Average income 1998 – 2001	−0.22*	−0.11	0.10	0.00	−0.01	0.02	0 11***	0.13	0.03
Material hardship 2002				0.06***	0.28	0.01	0.03**	0.07	0.01
Parent distress 2002							−0.77***	−0.38	0.05
Control Variables
Single biological parent in home	0.39*	0.10	0.16	0.07*	0.08	0.03	−0.04	−0.02	0.05
Number of siblings in home	0.10	0.06	0.06	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02
Parent education: < HS	0.52*	0.10	0.23	0.13**	0.11	0.05	−0.05	−0.02	0.07
Parent education: college	−0.63***	−0.13	0.16	−0.04	−0.04	0.03	0.39***	0.19	0.05
Parent education: advanced	−0.96***	−0.11	0.21	0.03	0.01	0.05	0.75***	0.20	0.08
Child’s ethnicity: Black	0.31	0.08	0.17	0.02	0.02	0.03	−0.19***	−0.11	0.05
Child’s ethnicity: Hispanic	−0.62*	−0.09	0.28	0.05	0.03	0.06	−0.17*	−0.05	0.09
Child’s gender: female	−0.18	−0.04	0.12	−0.02	−0.03	0.02	0.18***	0.10	0.04
Child’s age	−0.10***	−0.11	0.03	0.01	0.05	0.01	−0.04***	−0.10	0.01
Parent cognitive achievement	0.06***	0.18	0.02	−0.01***	−0.16	0.00	0.02***	0.15	0.01
Constant	2.83**		1.11	0.18		0.23	−1.64***		0.33

^***p < .001

^**p < .01

^*p < .05