Table 3.
Comparative analysis between patients with and without anti-PLIN1 autoantibodies
| Anti-PLIN1–positive (n = 20) | Anti-PLIN1–negative (n = 20) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female, n (%) | 14 (70) | 16 (80) | 0.72 |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 17.8 (13.1) | 32.5 (20.3) | 0.015 |
| Lipodystrophy onset (years), median (IQR) | 5 (3–7) | 7 (3.5–28.5) | 0.11 |
| Time with lipodystrophy (years), median (IQR) | 11.9 (6.5–16.7) | 10.7 (6–32.1) | 0.64 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 19.3 (3.4) | 19.9 (3.6) | 0.59 |
| Percent total fat, mean (SD) | 9.9 (3.8) | 13.7 (6.2) | 0.037 |
| Acanthosis, n (%) | 10 (50) | 6 (30) | 0.33 |
| Glucose (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 106 (84.4–140.4) | 107.5 (87.1–192.4) | 0.57 |
| Insulin (μU/mL), median (IQR) | 28.5 (13.2–95.8) | 49.5 (11.8–99.9) | 0.98 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 15 (75) | 13 (65) | 0.73 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol), median (IQR) | 42 (35–56) | 48 (36–64.3) | 0.48 |
| HOMA-IR, median (IQR) | 8.8 (3–27.1) | 13.7 (2.6–40.1) | 0.79 |
| Leptin at baseline (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 1.3 (0.45–2) | 1.2 (0.43–3.8) | 0.47 |
| Metreleptin treatment, n (%) | 14 (70) | 9 (45) | 0.20 |
| Leptin after metreleptin treatment (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 11.6 (3.5–82.5) | 5.9 (0.5–62.9) | 0.39 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 156.5 (112.8–379.8) | 191.5 (132–312.3) | 0.68 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 145 (118.5–165.5) | 177 (142–210.3) | 0.013 |
| HDL (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 25 (22–29.5) | 30 (22–47) | 0.09 |
| Fatty liver, n (%) | 17 (85) | 14 (70) | 0.45 |
| ALT (IU/L), median (IQR) | 64.4 (30–121.3) | 31 (18.5–49.8) | 0.017 |
| AST (IU/L), median (IQR) | 43.5 (26.3–80.8) | 24.5 (19.3–36) | 0.006 |
| Autoimmunity, n (%) | 16 (80) | 13 (65) | 0.48 |
| Immunosuppressant treatment, n (%) | 4 (20) | 6 (30) | 0.72 |
| IgG (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1,180 (980–1,510) | 1,013 (907–1,180) | 0.09 |
| IgA (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 139 (97–245) | 192 (122–230) | 0.73 |
| IgM (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 92.2 (60–135) | 86.4 (46–133) | 0.61 |
| C3 (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 111.5 (98.8–136.1) | 133.5 (119.5–142.9) | 0.06 |
| C4 (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 14.2 (10.2–17.8) | 19.9 (16.7–26.6) | 0.011 |
Normally distributed data are reported as mean ± SD and compared with a t test; asymmetrically distributed data are reported as median (IQR) and compared with the Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical variables are reported as absolute number (percentage) and compared with Fisher exact test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant and are indicated in italics.