Table 3.
Bivariable and multivariable Weibull regression analyses of OI predictors among adolescents and adults after the initiation of ART at WSUCSH, Southern Ethiopia, 2012–2021 (n = 515).
| Characteristics | Status | Bivariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Censored n (%) | Event n (%) | CHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 15–24 | 39 (61.9) | 24 (38.1) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 25–34 | 178 (72.4) | 68 (27.6) | 0.65 (0.41, 1.03) | 0.75 (0.45, 1.26) | 0.277 |
| 35–44 | 90 (60.0) | 60 (40.0) | 1.00 (0.62, 1.61) | 1.15 (0.68, 1.97) | 0.592 |
| 45–54 | 36 (83.7) | 7 (16.3) | 0.40 (0.17, 0.93) | 0.77 (0.31, 1.89) | 0.564 |
| ≥55 | 8 (61.5) | 5 (38.5) | 0.78 (0.30, 2.05) | 2.02 (0.71, 5.78) | 0.188 |
| Educational level | |||||
| No education | 72 (67.9) | 34 (32.1) | 1.44 (0.79, 2.61) | 0.94 (0.50, 1.78) | 0.861 |
| Primary | 129 (64.2) | 72 (35.84) | 2.03 (1.18, 3.50) | 1.90 (0.60, 1.99) | 0.778 |
| Secondary | 84 (66.7) | 42 (33.3) | 1.66 (0.93, 2.95) | 1.44 (0.78, 2.64) | 0.245 |
| Tertiary and above | 66 (80.5) | 16 (19.5) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 163 (74.1) | 57 (25.9) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 188 (63.7) | 107 (36.3) | 1.59 (1.150, 2.19) | 1.65 (1.15, 2.36) | 0.007* |
| Isoniazid preventive therapy | |||||
| No | 87 (48.1) | 94 (51.9) | 2.26 (1.66, 3.08) | 1.21 (0.83, 1.76) | 0.312 |
| Yes | 264 (79.0) | 70 (21.0) | 1 | ||
| Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy | |||||
| No | 13 (26.5) | 36 (73.4) | 3.30 (2.27, 4.77) | 2.58 (1.62, 4.11) | < 0.001* |
| Yes | 338 (72.5) | 128 (27.4) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Nutritional status | |||||
| Normal | 218 (71.2) | 88 (28.8) | 1 | ||
| Mild malnutrition | 52 (65.0) | 28 (35.0) | 1.61 (1.05, 2.47) | 1.62 (1.06, 2.54) | 0.035* |
| Moderate malnutrition | 18 (54.6) | 15 (45.5) | 2.09 (1.21, 3.62) | 1.45 (0.79, 2.67) | 0.228 |
| Severe malnutrition | 24 (52.2) | 22 (47.8) | 2.52 (1.58, 4.03) | 1.30 (0.75, 2.25) | 0.353 |
| Overweight | 33 (78.6) | 9 (21.4) | 0.70 (0.35, 1.40) | 0.63 (0.31, 1.29) | 0.206 |
| Obese | 6 (75) | 2 (25) | 1.20 (0.30, 4.88) | 1.43 (0.34, 6.08) | 0.627 |
| WHO HIV clinical stage | |||||
| Stage I | 186 (82.3) | 40 (17.7) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Stage II | 66 (60.6) | 43 (39.5) | 1.91 (1.24, 2.95) | 1.21 (0.68, 2.15) | 0.528 |
| Stage III | 75 (49.3) | 77 (50.7) | 3.43 (2.34, 5.02) | 1.98 (1.12, 3.51) | 0.019* |
| Stage IV | 24 (85.2) | 4 (14.3) | 0.66 (0.24, 1.86) | 0.41 (0.12, 1.43) | 0.161 |
| ART adherence | |||||
| Good | 332 (73.8) | 118 (26.2) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Fair | 13 (33.3) | 26 (66.7) | 2.24 (1.46, 3.42) | 1.45 (0.86, 2.46) | 0.163 |
| Poor | 6 (23.1) | 20 (76.9) | 4.14 (2.57, 6.67) | 4.21 (2.39, 7.44) | < 0.001* |
| Baseline ART regimen | |||||
| AZT + 3TC + NVP | 12 (41.4) | 17 (58.6) | 1.55 (0.77, 3.11) | 1.08 (0.49, 2.37) | 0.842 |
| AZT + 3TC + EFV | 5 (33.3) | 10 (66.7) | 2.46 (1.11, 5.46) | 1.05 (0.39, 2.81) | 0.927 |
| TDF + 3TC + EFV | 219 (66.4) | 111 (33.6) | 1.06 (0.62, 1.81) | 0.95 (0.53, 1.71) | 0.876 |
| TDF + 3TC + NVP | 11 (53.4) | 10 (47.6) | 1.99 (0.90, 4.41) | 0.70 (0.28, 1.74) | 0.445 |
| TDF + 3TC + DTG | 104 (86.7) | 16 (13.3) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Comorbidity | |||||
| No | 344 (68.8) | 156 (31.2) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 7 (46.7) | 8 (53.3) | 1.63 (0.80, 3.31) | 1.06 (0.49, 2.32) | 0.884 |
| Functional status | |||||
| Working | 302 (73.1) | 111 (26.9) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Ambulatory | 40 (43.5) | 52 (56.5) | 2.22 (1.59, 3.08) | 0.87 (0.55, 1.37) | 0.535 |
| Bedridden | 9 (90.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0.37 (0.52, 2.66) | 0.62 (0.69, 5.63) | 0.674 |
| Presence of OIs at enrollment | |||||
| Yes | 173 (57.1) | 34 (16.0) | 2.53 (1.74, 3.69) | 1.62 (0.94, 2.80) | 0.083 |
| No | 178 (84.0) | 130 (42.9) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Reference category-1; *statistically significant at P < 0.05.