. 2022 Nov 1;33(11):955–963. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2022.21484
Content of this journal is licensed under a Table 1.
Demographics and Clinical Features of Coronavirus Disease 2019
| All COVID-19 (n = 322) |
GI Symptoms
(n = 39) |
No GI Symptoms (n = 283) | P | |
| Age (years) | 61.02 ± 20.63 (46-79) | 53.72 ± 19.71 (35-75) | 62.03 ± 20.58 (47-80) | .018 |
| Gender (male) | 159 (49.4) | 21 (53.8) | 138 (48.8) | .552 |
| Smoker (n = 147) | ||||
| No exposure | 80 (54.4) | 15 (62.5) | 65 (52.8) | .137 |
| Quit smoking | 48 (32.7) | 4 (16.7) | 44 (35.8) | |
| Current smoker | 19 (12.9) | 5 (20.8) | 14 (11.4) | |
| Medical staff | 22 (6.8) | 3 (7.7) | 19 (6.7) | .738 |
| Immunosuppression | 31 (9.7) | 2 (5.1) | 29 (10.3) | .398 |
| Comorbidities | 220 (68.3) | 19 (48.7) | 201 (71) | .005 |
| Chronic respiratory diseases | 37 (11.5) | 4 (10.3) | 33 (11.7) | .999 |
| Hypertension | 144 (44.7) | 15 (38.5) | 129 (45.6) | .402 |
| Heart disease | 42 (13) | 3 (7.7) | 39 (13.8) | .290 |
| Chronic renal disease | 25 (7.8) | 2 (5.1) | 23 (8.1) | .752 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 53 (16.5) | 4 (10.3) | 49 (17.3) | .265 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 13 (4) | 1 (2.6) | 12 (4.2) | .999 |
| Cancer | 25 (7.8) | 1 (2.6) | 24 (8.5) | .335 |
| Medications | 202 (64.7) | 18 (48.6) | 184 (66.9) | .029 |
| ACEIs/ARBs | 71 (22) | 7 (17.9) | 64 (22.6) | .510 |
| OADs/İnsülin | 46 (14.3) | 2 (5.1) | 44 (15.5) | 081 |
| Others | 137 (42.5) | 11 (28.2) | 126 (44.5) | .053 |
| Symptoms | 291 (90.4) | 39 (100) | 252 (89) | .021 |
| Fever | 159 (49.4) | 23 (59) | 136 (48.1) | .201 |
| Cough | 134 (41.6) | 19 (48.7) | 115 (40.6) | .337 |
| Expectoration | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.7) | .999 |
| Dyspnea | 85 (26.4) | 8 (20.5) | 77 (27.2) | .374 |
| Fatigue | 64 (19.9) | 12 (30.8) | 52 (18.4) | .069 |
| Loss of smell | 7 (2.2) | 5 (12.8) | 2 (0.7) | <.001 |
| Myalgia | 12 (3.7) | 1 (2.6) | 11 (3.9) | .999 |
| Sore throat | 32(9.9) | 3 (7.7) | 29 (10.2) | .780 |
| Rinore | 10 (3.1) | 2 (5.1) | 8 (2.8) | .347 |
| Headache | 20 (6.2) | 5 (12.8) | 15 (5.3) | .079 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, median (IQR) and n (%).
SD, standard deviation; IQR; interquartile range; GI, gastrointestinal; ACEIs/ARBs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers; OADs, oral antidiabetic drugs.