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. 2022 Dec 15;9:1025677. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1025677

Table 5.

The levels of serum immune and biochemical parameters, n = 12.

Item CTR CCP CCP+LF CCP+LP P-value
d13 lysozyme, U/mL 12.42 ± 1.58 11.47 ± 2.17 12.04 ± 1.62 9.65 ± 2.18 0.766
iNOS, U/mL 5.00 ± 0.51b 5.55 ± 0.70b 8.53 ± 0.87a 7.62 ± 0.69ab 0.003
GLU, mg/dL 205.86 ± 2.88a 192.21 ± 2.90b 200.38 ± 3.57ab 198.52 ± 3.20ab 0.033
Ca, mg/dL 10.59 ± 0.17b 10.81 ± 0.20b 11.26 ± 0.23b 12.25 ± 0.27a <0.001
P, mg/dL 7.15 ± 0.15 7.14 ± 0.16 7.34 ± 0.08 7.61 ± 0.24 0.173
LDH, U/L 682.14 ± 30.87 638.57 ± 31.54 639.58 ± 23.42 663.82 ± 31.19 0.680
d19 lysozyme, U/mL 22.94 ± 1.21b 29.57 ± 2.90ab 25.97 ± 1.82ab 30.18 ± 0.97a 0.019
iNOS, U/mL 9.81 ± 0.21 9.69 ± 0.25 10.47 ± 0.19 9.78 ± 0.28 0.067
GLU, mg/dL 223.22 ± 6.18a 206.78 ± 4.67ab 197.02 ± 6.75b 200.59 ± 7.05ab 0.024
Ca, mg/dL 10.58 ± 0.13b 10.67 ± 0.19b 11.31 ± 0.26b 12.25 ± 0.17a <0.001
P, mg/dL 6.80 ± 0.10 6.86 ± 0.25 6.40 ± 0.18 6.69 ± 0.19 0.314
LDH, U/L 644.08 ± 37.42 746.15 ± 85.14 629.61 ± 33.96 713.13 ± 34.67 0.350
a,b

Means in the same row without common superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05). Data were presented as mean ± standard error. CTR, control group; CCP, the infection model group that was challenged with Clostridium perfringens and coccidia; CCP+ LF, the infection model group with Lactobacillus fermentum supplemented in the diet; and CCP+ LP, the infection model group with Lactobacillus paracasei supplemented in the diet.