Fig. 7.

Overview of the roles of SIRTs in cell proliferation. (i) SIRTs participate in regulating cell proliferation by affecting a group of downstream proteins, including p53, p65, STAT3, FOXO1, AMPK, etc. (ii) SIRTs are also regulated by a series of ncRNAs and proteins, such as lncRNA PVT1, miR-34a, IFN-γ, MDM2, PRARα, eNOS, TCF3, etc, and subsequently promote or inhibit cell proliferation directly. (iii) In addition, SIRTs could activate or inhibit several signaling pathways, which perform important roles in cell proliferation, including JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, and ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Activation and inhibition effects are displayed in green and red arrows, respectively. https://biorender.com. ACAT1 acetyl coenzyme A acyltransferase1, Bmi-1 B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integrationsite-1, CCAR2 cell cycle and apoptosis regulator protein 2, CDK9 cyclin-dependent kinase9, Drp1 dynamin-related protein 1, Erα estrogen receptor α, FASN fatty acid synthase, GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1, H1 histone1, HIF-2α hypoxia inducible factor-2α, K-Ras p21, MEF2D myocyte enhancer factor 2D, mitoCOX-2 mitochondria cyclooxygenase-2, MRP migration inhibitory-factor related protein, mTORC1 mTOR complex 1, Pcsk9 proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, PD-L1 programmed death 1-ligand 1, POLD1 DNA polymerase delta 1, Pol-I DNA polymerase I, BBC3 Bcl-2 binding component 3, Rb retinoblastoma protein, SPEBP1 phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1, STAT1 signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, TCF3 transcription factor 3, Twist1 twist family bHLH transcription factor 1, ZEB2 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1