Table 1.

Adult, adolescent, and child sample outcomes, time periods, and sizes.

Sample	Ages	Outcomes	Time Period	Observations
Adult	18+	Psychological distress	2011–2018	141,817
Adolescent	12–17	Psychological distress	2011–2018	6423
		Needed help for mental health problems.
Children	0–11	Had emotional/focus/behavioral difficulties	2007–2009 and 2017–2018	12,976
		Received psychological counseling

Note: Beginning in June 2011, the monthly frequency of CHIS responses is great enough to allow us to adjust for seasonality in mental health reports of adults and adolescents using a simple ARIMA process. We performed our empirical analyses using both the full sample of observations (all waves of CHIS between 2007 and 2018) and the subset amenable to the ARIMA adjustment (CHIS waves 2011 through 2018). Both samples yielded the same inference. Approximately a third of each sample is comprised of sanctuary city respondents.