Table 6. Sustainability Profile of Fibrous Polymers Used Fiber in Wearable E-Textiles.
polymers | raw materials | biodegradability | composting | recyclability | energy consumption | carbon footprint | environmentally friendly |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rPET | postconsumer PET bottles | nonbiodegradable | noncompostable | can be recycled several times from PET which stands as rPET | 35 MJ/kg324 | 0.45 kg CO2 equivalent per kilogram of rPET324 | rPET reduces energy consumption 79% and greenhouse gas emissions 67% |
PLA | 100% renewable source/bio-based: corn | biodegradable by microorganism | industrial-scale composting needed which is not enough in facilities, i.e., conditionally compostable | other plastic in resin identification, sometimes recyclable: but not in bulk scale | 58.9 MJ/kg325 | 500 g CO2/kg325 | production uses 65% less energy than conventional virgin plastics; bioplastics are safe as food packaging materials, though they are not microwaveable |