(A and B) Specificities of anti-PfRH antibodies. Two different anti-PfRH antibodies show similar specificities on HB3 (A) and D10 (B) parasites. For production of parasite pellets (P), cultures were sorbitol synchronized, cultured until the late-schizont stage, and saponin lysed, and then the pellet was resuspended in reducing sample buffer. Production of the EBA175 supernatant (S) is as described in Materials and Methods. Protein samples were separated by SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed with both the 2A9 and 2A11 antibodies. (C) Protein samples from synchronized D10 parasites taken at 8-h intervals were separated by SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed with both the 2A11 (top) and anti-Pfhsp70 (bottom) antibodies. During development, parasites transform from rings (R), through trophozoites (T), and to schizonts (S). Sizes are in kilodaltons.