Table 3.
Clinical presentations of newly registered cases of leprosy in Japan, 1993–2020.
| Mainland |
Okinawa |
Nonautochthonous |
Total | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993–2000 | 2001–2010 | 2011–2020 | 1993–2000 | 2001–2010 | 2011–2020 | 1993–2000 | 2001–2010 | 2011–2020 | 1993–2020 | ||
|
| |||||||||||
| Number of cases | 21 | 11 | 2 | 35 | 11 | 5 | 76 | 65 | 34 | 260 | |
| Sex | Male | 10 | 6 | 2 | 22 | 8 | 2 | 56 | 51 | 21 | 178 |
| Female | 11 | 5 | 0 | 13 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 14 | 13 | 82 | |
| Male/female ratio | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 2.2 | |
| Age | Median age (IQR 25%–75%) | 77 (69–80) | 73 (47–80) | 76 (75–76) | 61 (46–73.5) | 64 (46.5–70.5) | 81 (74–83) | 32 (25.8–39.3) | 31 (25–37) | 33 (27–45) | 36 (28–59.3) |
| Children younger than 15 years | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | |
| Ridley-Jopling classification | I | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.6%) | 2 (3.1%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (2.7%) |
| TT | 1 (4.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (11.4%) | 2 (18.2%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (17.1%) | 2 (3.1%) | 2 (5.9%) | 24 (9.2%) | |
| BT | 5 (23.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 1 (50%) | 15 (42.9%) | 5 (45.5%) | 1 (20.0%) | 23 (30.3%) | 16 (24.6%) | 12 (35.3%) | 79 (30.4%) | |
| BB | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (11.8%) | 3 (4.6%) | 1 (2.9%) | 19 (7.3%) | |
| BL | 11 (52.4%) | 4 (36.4%) | 1 (50%) | 4 (11.4%) | 4 (36.4%) | 3 (60.0%) | 15 (19.7%) | 26 (40.0%) | 8 (23.5%) | 76 (29.2%) | |
| LL | 3 (14.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (20.0%) | 14 (18.4%) | 16 (24.6%) | 10 (29.4%) | 53 (20.4%) | |
| PNL | 1 (4.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 2 (0.8%) | |
| WHO classification | Multibacillary | 16 (76.2%) | 10 (90.9%) | 2 (100%) | 21 (60.0%) | 5 (45.5%) | 4 (80.0%) | 44 (57.9%) | 53 (81.5%) | 21 (61.8%) | 176 (67.7%) |
| Paucibacillary | 5 (23.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 14 (40.0%) | 6 (54.5%) | 1 (20.0%) | 32 (42.1%) | 12 (18.5%) | 13 (38.2%) | 84 (32.3%) | |
| G2D | (+) | NA | 4 (36.4%) | 2 (100%) | NA | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | NA | 6 (9.2%) | 6 (17.6%) | 19 (7.3%) |
| Duration between onset and the first consultation | ≤1 year | 6 (28.6%) | 7 (63.6%) | 1 (50.0%) | 10 (28.6%) | 5 (45.5%) | 4 (80.0%) | 20 (26.3%) | 48 (73.8%) | 20 (58.8%) | 121 (46.5%) |
| 1–2 years | 4 (19.0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (25.7%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 14 (18.4%) | 1 (1.5%) | 0 (0%) | 29 (11.2%) | |
| 2–4 years | 2 (9.5%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (14.3%) | 2 (18.2%) | 1 (20.0%) | 17 (22.4%) | 12 (18.5%) | 6 (17.6%) | 46 (17.7%) | |
| 5–9 years | 1 (4.8%) | 2 (18.2%) | 1 (50.0%) | 3 (8.6%) | 2 (18.2%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (5.3%) | 2 (3.1%) | 3 (8.8%) | 18 (6.9%) | |
| ≥10 years | 5 (23.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (11.4%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (6.6%) | 2 (3.1%) | 4 (11.8%) | 22 (8.5%) | |
| No data | 3 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (11.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 16 (21.1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 24 (9.2%) | |
| Family history of leprosy | (+) | 1 (4.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (11.4%) | 2 (18.2%) | 1 (33.3%) | 9 (15.8%) | 12 (20.7%) | 2 (6.9%) | 32 (12.3%) |
| No data | 5 (23.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 1 (50.0%) | 19 (54.3%) | 5 (45.5%) | 2 (40.0%) | 19 (25.0%) | 7 (10.8%) | 5 (14.7%) | 64 (24.6%) | |
I, indeterminate; TT, tuberculoid; BT, borderline tuberculoid; BB, borderline borderline; BL, borderline lepromatous; LL; lepromatous; PNL, pure neuritic leprosy; WHO, World Helath Organization; G2D, grade-II disabilities.