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. 2022 May 12;206(6):712–729. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202108-1901OC

Figure 8.

Figure 8.

Therapeutic interventions targeting protease imbalances and excessive proinflammatory responses limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication and blunt virally induced hyperinflammation. (A) Proinflammatory cytokines and IFN concentrations were quantified at the protein level using the LEGENDplex Human Anti-virus Response Panel in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy infected samples across time. (B) Viral titers were quantified in daily apical washes from healthy infected samples after daily treatments with Camostat Mesylate (CM), E64d, CM/E64d, baricitinib/dexamethasone (B/D), or a combined therapy (CM/E64d/B/D). (C) IL-6 and IP-10 (CXCL10) were quantified in apical washes from healthy infected samples using the LEGENDplex Human Anti-virus Response Panel. (D) Viral titers were quantified in daily apical washes from COPD-infected samples after daily treatments. (E) IL-6 and IP-10 were quantified in the apical washes from COPD-infected samples. Statistical differences between the groups are indicated, whereby *P ⩽ 0.05, **P ⩽ 0.01, ***P ⩽ 0.001, and ****P ⩽ 0.0001. In B–G, statistical differences shown are relative to their respective vehicle control at each time point examined. PFU = plaque-forming unit; Veh = vehicle.