Table 1.

Descriptive Statistics and Correlations Among Study Variables

	Males	Females		Correlations
	M (SD)	M (SD)	t Test	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Loneliness	1.21 (0.37)	1.26 (0.42)	−16.59**	0.354**	−0.124**	−0.145**	0.077**	−0.053**	0.106**	0.004
2. Memory	8.84 (3.45)	9.65 (3.59)	−0.34.39**	−0.150**	0.452**	0.448**	−0.371**	0.331**	−0.169**	0.072**
3. Verbal fluency	19.79 (7.62)	20.07 (7.73)	−5.90**	−0.164**	0.491**	0.538**	−0.263**	0.313**	−0.097**	0.009
4. Age (years)	66.32 (9.19)	63.22 (9.28)	111.56**	0.055**	−0.347**	−0.241**	0.888**	−0.159**	0.262**	−0.336**
5. Education level	2.95 (1.45)	2.81 (1.43)	17.06**	−0.100**	0.398**	0.412**	−0.212**	0.592**	−0.088**	−0.013*
6. Disease burdena	1.02 (1.04)	0.95 (1.03)	8.57**	0.125**	−0.194**	−0.131**	0.317**	−0.154**	0.241**	−0.102**
7. Household size (>2)	28.4% (7,007)		―	0.004	0.059**	0.003	−0.373**	0.007	−0.125**	―

Notes: N = 24,689 couples (49,378 individuals). Data were from SHARE Wave 4 (France = 1,135 couples, Hungary = 893, Portugal = 504, and Switzerland = 909), Wave 5 (Austria = 1,036 couples, Belgium = 1,410, Czech Republic =1,463, Denmark = 1,139, Estonia = 1,402, Germany = 1,677, Israel = 621, Luxemburg = 356, the Netherlands = 1,108, Sweden = 1,137, and Spain = 2,010), Wave 6 (Croatia = 854 couples, Greece = 1,532, Italy = 1,613, and Slovenia = 1,143), and Wave 8 (Bulgaria = 262 couples, Cyprus = 155, Finland = 299, Latvia = 204, Lithuania = 363, Malta = 283, Poland = 397, Romania = 425, and Slovakia = 359). Correlations (Pearson’s rs) for males and females are reported above and below the diagonal. For each variable, correlations between partners are in bold along the diagonal. Descriptive statistics and correlations for each country separately are reported in Supplementary Table S1. SD = standard deviation.

^a N size is slightly reduced due to missing values (n = 24,634 males and females).

*p < .05; **p ≤ .01.