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. 2022 Dec 29:1–13. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s10643-022-01436-w

Table 2.

Group differences on covariates before and after matching

Full Sample Matched Sample
Treatment
n = 1,139
Comparison
n = 3,816
d Treatment
n = 992
Comparison
n = 992
d
FR Lunch 60.4% 49.4% 0.49 60.3% 58.8% 0.04
Black 24.7% 19.9% 0.11 24.7% 22.7% 0.05
White 73.5% 77.6% − 0.09 73.5% 76.2% − 0.06
Hispanic 27.6% 25.6% 0.05 26.9% 29.4% − 0.06
ESOL 6.5% 5.%6 0.04 6.5% 6.8% − 0.01
English Native 82.1% 88.9% − .178 83.3% 82.9% 0.01
English Home 82.3% 86.0% − 0.10 82.8% 82.3% 0.01
Learning Disability 23.1% 6.2% 0.40 20.3% 19.8% 0.01
Gifted 0.7% 1.5% − 0.10 0.7% 0.7% 0.00
Pre-K Age 53.93 53.90 0.09 53.61 53.62 0.07

FR Lunch is the percent of students who were eligible to receive a free or reduced-price lunch. ESOL = English for Speakers of Other Languages. English Native is a child who speaks English as their single or primary language. English Home indicates English is the single or primary language spoken in the child’s home. Pre-K Age is the age (in months) of the child when he or she began pre-kindergarten