Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Dec 1;28(12):2555–2562. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02074-w

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 4 — a, Longitudinal plasma biomarker change stratified by Aβ status (negative, purple; positive, blue) in CU participants. The average regression lines with 95% CI (shaded area) were plotted from linear mixed effects models with the interaction between time and Aβ status as well as baseline Aβ status independent variables and adjusting for age and sex. All p-tau biomarkers, Aβ42/40 (P < 0.001) and GFAP (P = 0.005) were significantly changed in Aβ+ individuals at baseline. Several outliers (p-tau217, n = 5; p-tau181, n = 2; GFAP, n = 1; NfL, n = 3) are not shown in (a) but these data were included in the statistical analysis. b,c, The association between longitudinal plasma biomarkers and MMSE (b) and mPACC (c) in Aβ-positive cognitively unimpaired participants. The model trajectories, shown as the mean slope and the mean ± 2 SD with 95% CI (shaded area), were plotted from linear mixed effects models with the interaction between time and standardized plasma biomarker slopes (derived from subject-level linear regression models) as an independent variable adjusting for age, sex and years of education. Two-sided P values were corrected for multiple comparisons using Benjamini–Hochberg FDR; corrected and uncorrected P values are shown in Tables 1 and 2 and Supplementary Tables 1 and 2. One outlier with MMSE value of 17 is not shown in b but was included in the statistical analysis The x axes in a–c show time from first plasma biomarker samples.