Table 2.
Mean ± standard deviation of HRV indices (HF, IDXPNA, LF/HF, SBU, and IDXSNA).
| HRV index | Tachogram decomposition algorithm | Rest (baseline) | 10–20 min | 20–30 min | 30–40 min | 40–50 min |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HF | – | 0.325 ± 0.356 | 0.453 ± 0.518 | 0.427 ± 0.465 | 0.456 ± 0.239 | 0.350 ± 0.351 |
| IDXPNA | Gauss | 0.572 ± 0.386 | 1.590 ± 1.266 | 1.741 ± 1.674 | 2.642 ± 2.795 | 2.479 ± 2.172 |
| ARMAx | 0.445 ± 0.400 | 1.718 ± 1.389 | 1.921 ± 1.960 | 2.825 ± 2.890 | 3.033 ± 2.718 | |
| OSP | 0.396 ± 0.376 | 1.498 ± 1.299 | 1.668 ± 1.797 | 2.368 ± 2.616 | 2.593 ± 2.540 | |
| ZLE | 0.392 ± 0.354 | 1.760 ± 1.567 | 1.866 ± 1.842 | 2.924 ± 3.229 | 3.056 ± 2.771 | |
| LF/HF | – | 2.793 ± 2.231 | 8.570 ± 12.101 | 9.234 ± 10.387 | 13.545 ± 10.691 | 17.384 ± 17.838 |
| SBU | Gauss | 1.850 ± 2.219 | 1.039 ± 0.994 | 0.864 ± 0.856 | 0.549 ± 0.450 | 0.629 ± 0.638 |
| ARMAx | 1.629 ± 1.315 | 0.675 ± 0.528 | 0.952 ± 1.736 | 0.609 ± 0.640 | 0.490 ± 0.490 | |
| OSP | 3.067 ± 5.087 | 1.230 ± 1.092 | 2.142 ± 5.996 | 1.476 ± 2.142 | 0.899 ± 0.866 | |
| ZLE | 4.016 ± 9.224 | 0.614 ± 0.481 | 0.626 ± 0.650 | 0.498 ± 0.704 | 0.402 ± 0.610 | |
| IDXSNA | Gauss | 0.611 ± 0.431 | 0.526 ± 0.409 | 0.454 ± 0.312 | 0.394 ± 0.276 | 0.433 ± 0.289 |
| ARMAx | 1.155 ± 0.778 | 0.559 ± 0.407 | 0.779 ± 1.375 | 0.515 ± 0.486 | 0.421 ± 0.369 | |
| OSP | 1.561 ± 1.233 | 0.874 ± 0.637 | 1.464 ± 3.729 | 1.027 ± 1.278 | 0.706 ± 0.618 | |
| ZLE | 1.745 ± 1.732 | 0.489 ± 0.332 | 0.497 ± 0.486 | 0.406 ± 0.506 | 0.336 ± 0.470 |
Bold text represents a statistically significant difference between rest and each meditation phase (p < 0.000005). HF and IDXPNA are the HRV indices for vagal tone, and other indices (LF/HF, SBU and IDXSNA) indicate sympathetic tone. In all meditation phases, all IDXPNAs of ZLE were significantly increased, and statistically significant decreases were observed in all SBUs and IDXSNAs of ZLE.